Cardiovascular risk markers until 12 mo of age in infants fed a formula supplemented with bovine milk fat globule membranes

Abstract

Background: Some of the health advantages of breast-fed as compared to formula-fed infants have been suggested to be due to metabolic programming effects resulting from early nutrition. Methods: In a prospective double-blinded randomized trial, 160 infants <2 mo of age were randomized to experimental formula (EF) with added milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) or standard formula (SF) until 6 mo of age. A breast-fed reference (BFR) group consisted of 80 infants. Measurements were made at inclusion and at 4, 6, and 12 mo of age. results: During the intervention, the EF group had higher total serum cholesterol concentration than the SF group, reaching the level of the BFR group. The EF group had a low-density lipoprotein to high-density lipoprotein ratio not significantly different from the SF group but lower than the BFR group. conclusion: Supplementation of infant formula with MFGM modified the fat composition of the formula and narrowed the gap between breast-fed and formula-fed infants with regard to serum lipid status at 12 mo.

Supplementation of polar lipids‐enriched milk fat globule membrane in high‐fat diet‐fed rats during pregnancy and lactation promotes brown/beige adipocyte development and prevents obesity in male offspring

“…MFGM supplementation to infant formula had no effects on infant growth, weight gain, body mass index, and few effects on metabolic parameters such as cholesterol serum level in healthy infants compared with infant formula group. 23,65 Besides, other reports also showed that maternal diet supplemented with bioactive compounds such as grape seed procyanidin or resveratrol had weak effects on the biometric parameters and plasma parameters associated with metabolic disturbance in offspring born to healthy dams but obviously ameliorated metabolic impact of maternal obesity in offspring, which were consistent with our results. 20,66 In our study, the effects of MFGM-PL to HFD dams were focused on male offspring, which are more susceptible to adiposity changes associated with metabolic programming.…”

Infant formula interface and fat source impact on neonatal digestion and gut microbiota

“…Such trend disappears in childhood and even shifts in adolescence and adulthood where the grown‐up breast‐fed infants have lower total serum cholesterol concentration in comparison with a formula‐fed group . Very recently, Timby et al showed in a prospective double‐blinded randomized trial ( N = 160 infants, 2–12 months of age) that increasing cholesterol intake between 2 and 6 months of age via the supplementation of an experimental infant formula with bovine MFG membrane induced an higher total serum cholesterol concentration similar to the one observed in breast‐fed infants without modification of the LDL/HDL ratio. The experimental infant formula was also reduced in energy and protein content compared to the standard formula.…”

Clinical Benefits of Milk Fat Globule Membranes for Infants and Children

“…42 During the intervention, the EF group gradually reached higher serum cholesterol concentrations than the SF group, and there was no significant difference between the EF and BFR group at 6 months of age. 43 At 4 months of age, the BFR group had higher levels of Lactobacillus gasseri in the oral microflora, but there was no difference between the EF and SF groups. 46 In a multicenter noninferiority DBRCT on 199 (149 fulfilled the intervention) healthy term infants, Billeaud et al 44 evaluated the safety of 2 infant formulas enriched with a lipid-rich MFGM (MFGM-L) or a MFGM-P bovine fraction, respectively.…”