Caregiver survey of pharmacotherapy to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in individuals with Williams syndrome

Psychopathology and behavior problems in children and adolescents with Williams syndrome: Distinctive relationships with cognition

“…Beyond the aforementioned characteristics, individuals with WS have also been found to present a higher than expected prevalence of hyperactive and impulsive symptoms. Indeed, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most frequent comorbid diagnoses Kennedy, Kaye, & Sadler, 2006;Leyfer, Woodruff-Borden, Klein-Tasman, Fricke, & Mervis, 2006;Martens et al, 2013;Rhodes, Riby, Matthews, & Coghill, 2011). Furthermore, a study by Dykens (2003) conducted on a large sample of individuals with WS found that they display significantly more fears and a wider range of fears than a comparison group of individuals with intellectual disability of mixed etiologies.…”

N-Acetylcysteine for Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in a Woman With Williams Syndrome

“…8 Twenty-seven percent of subjects had been prescribed a medication for ADHD, most commonly a psychostimulant in the methylphenidate class, with 74% reporting it to be at least ''somewhat helpful.'' 9 Drugs affecting glutamate function, including N-acetylcysteine, are increasingly used to treat symptoms associated with a number of neuropsychiatric disorders. N-acetylcysteine is an orally bioavailable prodrug of cysteine used to treat acetaminophen overdose-induced liver toxicity.…”

“…In the first report, among the 513 respondents, 24% of subjects had been prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and 81% indicated that the medication was either “helpful” or “somewhat helpful.” Twelve percent of subjects had been prescribed an antidepressant from a different class or an anxiolytic. Sixty-four percent reported that the medication had been “helpful” or “somewhat helpful.” 8 Twenty-seven percent of subjects had been prescribed a medication for ADHD, most commonly a psychostimulant in the methylphenidate class, with 74% reporting it to be at least “somewhat helpful.” 9…”