Cargo-specific accidental release impact zones for hazardous materials: risk and consequence comparison for ammonia and hydrogen fluoride

Inanloo, Bahareh; Tansel, Berrin; Jin, Xia; Bernardo-Bricker, Anna

doi:10.1007/s10669-015-9576-z

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In the case of an accident during ammonia transfer, different factors influence the consequences, such as the amount of the released chemical, mode of transportation, atmospheric conditions, location, and traffic volume, to mention a few. , A combination of these conditions can lead to a worst-case scenario. Different studies are pointing to different controllable operation factors and a tank design that can contribute to higher or lower risks (likelihood or magnitude of the damage) in a given scenario and transport mode.…”

Section: End-usersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the authors concluded that the risk associated with ammonia transport via truck and storage is similar to gasoline and LPG and that all three fuels are within the acceptable public risk. For determining the optimized route to transport hazardous materials such as ammonia (when several optional routes are available), researchers have developed different risk analysis systems that can be used to decrease the risk in ammonia transport. , For these options, the additional cost should be integrated to provide a proper comparison.…”

Section: End-usersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For determining the optimized route to transport hazardous materials such as ammonia (when several optional routes are available), researchers have developed different risk analysis systems that can be used to decrease the risk in ammonia transport. 60,731 For these options, the additional cost should be integrated to provide a proper comparison.…”

Section: Safety Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress and Prospective of Nitrogen-Based Alternative Fuels

et al. 2020

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Alternative fuels are essential to enable the transition to a sustainable and environmentally friendly energy supply. Synthetic fuels derived from renewable energies can act as energy storage media, thus mitigating the effects of fossil fuels on environment and health. Their economic viability, environmental impact, and compatibility with current infrastructure and technologies are fuel and power source specific. Nitrogen-based fuels pose one possible synthetic fuel pathway. In this review, we discuss the progress and current research on utilization of nitrogen-based fuels in power applications, covering the complete fuel cycle. We cover the production, distribution, and storage of nitrogen-based fuels. We assess much of the existing literature on the reactions involved in the ammonia to nitrogen atom pathway in nitrogen-based fuel combustion. Furthermore, we discuss nitrogen-based fuel applications ranging from combustion engines to gas turbines, as well as their exploitation by suggested end-uses. Thereby, we evaluate the potential opportunities and challenges of expanding the role of nitrogen-based molecules in the energy sector, outlining their use as energy carriers in relevant fields.

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Section: End-usersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: End-usersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Safety Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress and Prospective of Nitrogen-Based Alternative Fuels

et al. 2020

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“…Therefore, the optimal condition of air pollution dispersion is class A, which is the most instable atmospheric conditions. After comparing the simulation results by changing 6 different atmospheric stability classes for both scenarios, we can conclude that the stability class has a significant effect on the prediction of the size of the toxic threat zone under different atmospheric dispersion conditions [4]. In addition, the size of the area impacted after a chemical release depends on the characteristics of the chemical along with the meteorological and atmospheric conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Evaluation of Accidental Atmospheric Releases of Chlorine and Butane from a Mobile Source Using ALOHA and MARPLOT

Al-Sarawi¹

2017

AJEP

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Abstract:The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the extend of the threat zone of two mobile accidental atmospheric releases of chlorine and butane on the I-95 Highway by estimating the downwind dispersion of the chemical plumes using the numerical model ALOHA (Area Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres) and by graphing the boundaries of the threat zone using MARPLOT (Mapping Application for Response, Planning, and Local Operational Tasks). In addition, to assess the risk of exposure at two points of interest from the chlorine accident, and to measure the extent of the flammable zone; the area where a flash fire or a vapor cloud explosion could occur at some point after the release begins, resulting from the butane accident. Moreover, the aim is to study the stability class effect on indoor and outdoor concentrations and its effect on distance of the flammable zones. The paper conclude that the stability class has a significant effect on the prediction of the size of the toxic threat zone under different atmospheric dispersion conditions. In addition, the size of the area impacted after a chemical release depends on the characteristics of the chemical along with the meteorological and atmospheric conditions.

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“…Inanloo et al (2016) report on a model of the dispersion behavior of accidentally released hazardous materials based on weather, land use, and cargo characteristics. Dillon and Tinsley (2016) describe a series of experiments investigating the disaster preparedness behavior of participants provided information about nearmiss events.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%