Caries and saliva in 12–18‐year‐old diabetics and controls

Abstract

Eighty‐five 12–18‐yr‐old adolescents suffering from insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and their healthy age‐ and sex‐matched controls were investigated with respect to dental caries, salivary flow rate, pH and buffering capacity of saliva, counts for lactobacilli and mutans streptococci, and salivary glucose content. The diabetics had their disease well controlled according to the HbA1 levels. The results showed no statistically significant difference between diabetics and controls in DMF and DMFS indexes and the number of initial caries lesions. Mean number of initial caries lesions was 3.2 in diabetics, 2.3 in controls. Mean stimulated salivary flow rate was 1.2 ml/min in the patients, 1.4 ml/min in the controls. The pH and buffering capacity values were 7.3 and 4.8 in the patients, 7.4 and 5.1 in the controls, respectively. High counts of mutans streptococci (> 106 CFU/ml) and lactobacilli (> 105 CFU/ml) were observed more often, but not significantly so, among the patients than in the controls. The mean concentration of glucose in saliva was 10.3 μg/ml in the patients, 9.7 lμg/ml in the controls. Thus, if the patients' IDDM is well controlled, their salivary and caries data does not differ from that of healthy controls.

Periodontal Changes in Children and Adolescents With Diabetes

“…Dental caries, xerostomia, and mucosal lesions have been reported in patients with diabetes, but the data are conflicting (21,22). Most recent studies suggest that young people with diabetes exhibit similar levels of caries to systemically healthy individuals (23,24).…”

Flow rate, pH and calcium concentration of saliva of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

“…However, the literature contains contradictory results (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). Siudikiene et al (7) reported that both unstimulated (resting) and stimulated salivary flow rates are reduced in diabetic patients, whereas Lopez et al (8) reported that only unstimulated salivary flow is reduced.…”

Impact of Hyperglycemia on Xerostomia and Salivary Composition and Flow Rate of Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Some studies (Belazi et al, 1998;López et al, 2003;Moreira et al, 2009) have shown this difference, whereas others studies (Swanljung et al, 1992;Carda et al, 2006) have not found difference in glucose salivary concentrations between subjects with and without DM1. The increased concentrations of glucose in the saliva of adolescents with DM1 may be important for controlling and monitoring the disease.…”

“…Furthermore, xerostomia was shown to have a negative impact on the quality of life of adolescents with DM1 (Busato et al, 2009). The relationship among DM1, salivary composition and xerostomia has been widely investigated (Swanljung et al, 1992;Moore et al, 2001;López et al, 2003;Siudikiene et al, 2006;Siudikiene et al, 2008;Orbak et al, 2008). It has been found that most DM1 patients have salivary dysfunction as well as differences in biochemical salivary composition compared with healthy subjects (Swanljung et al, 1992;Moore et al, 2001;López et al, 2003;Siudikiene et al, 2006;Siudikiene et al, 2008;Orbak et al, 2008).…”