Caries Correlates Strongly with Salivary Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-8

Hedenbjörk-Lager, Anders; Bjørndal, Lars; Gustafsson, Anders; Sorsa, Timo; Tjäderhane, Leo; Åkerman, Sigvard; Ericson, Dan

doi:10.1159/000360625

Cited by 49 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…MMP8 activity is important in dentin demineralization during caries progression [Hedenbjörk-Lager et al, 2016]. Also, patients with caries lesions have higher levels of salivary MMP8 [Hedenbjörk-Lager et al, 2015]. Both of the polymorphisms in MMP8 that we studied were not associated with caries; however, it is possible that other polymorphisms in this gene could play a role in individual caries susceptibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

MMP13 Contributes to Dental Caries Associated with Developmental Defects of Enamel

et al. 2019

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The aim of this study was to investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms in MMP8, MMP13, and MMP20 with caries experience and developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in children from the Amazon region of Brazil. Den tal caries and DDE data were collected through clinical examination from 216 children. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva, and genotyping of selected polymorphisms in MMP8 (rs17099443 and rs3765620), MMP13 (rs478927 and rs2252070), and MMP20 (rs1784418) was performed using TaqMan chemistry and endpoint analysis. χ² or Fisher’s exact tests were used to compare allele and genotype distributions between children with caries experience and caries-free children and between DDE-affected and -unaffected children with an established alpha of 5%. The polymorphism rs478927 in MMP13 was associated with caries experience and DDE (p < 0.05). The analysis performed comparing children with both conditions (caries experience plus DDE) and children with neither of the conditions (caries-free chil dren without DDE) demonstrated that children carrying the MMP13 rs478927 TT genotype were more likely to have concomitant occurrence of these two conditions (OR = 5.8, 95% CI 2.1–15.8; p = 0.0003). In conclusion, the genetic polymorphism rs478927 in MMP13 was associated with caries experience and DDE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

MMP13 Contributes to Dental Caries Associated with Developmental Defects of Enamel

et al. 2019

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“…The dentin matrix mainly consists of type I collagen, and MMPs and cathepsins can degrade such collagen after bacterial acid-induced demineralization, as stated above. These host proteases are also contained in saliva [Tjäderhane et al, 1998; Nasci- Hedenbjörk-Lager et al, 2015] and usually secreted in their inactive forms; however, they are automatically activated under acidic conditions (around pH 4.5). Cysteine cathepsins can function actively under acidic conditions, while MMPs have an optimal pH around neutral.…”

Section: Protein Degradation By Host-and Bacteria-derived Proteasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Hypothesis of Dentin and Root Caries

2016

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Recent advances regarding the caries process indicate that ecological phenomena induced by bacterial acid production tilt the de- and remineralization balance of the dental hard tissues towards demineralization through bacterial acid-induced adaptation and selection within the microbiota - from the dynamic stability stage to the aciduric stage via the acidogenic stage [Takahashi and Nyvad, 2008]. Dentin and root caries can also be partly explained by this hypothesis; however, the fact that these tissues contain a considerable amount of organic material suggests that protein degradation is involved in caries formation. In this review, we compiled relevant histological, biochemical, and microbiological information about dentin/root caries and refined the hypothesis by adding degradation of the organic matrix (the proteolytic stage) to the abovementioned stages. Bacterial acidification not only induces demineralization and exposure of the organic matrix in dentin/root surfaces but also activation of dentin-embedded and salivary matrix metalloproteinases and cathepsins. These phenomena initiate degradation of the demineralized organic matrix in dentin/root surfaces. While a bacterial involvement has never been confirmed in the initial degradation of organic material, the detection of proteolytic/amino acid-degrading bacteria and bacterial metabolites in dentin and root caries suggests a bacterial digestion and metabolism of partly degraded matrix. Moreover, bacterial metabolites might induce pulpitis as an inflammatory/immunomodulatory factor. Root and dentin surfaces are always at risk of becoming demineralized in the oral cavity, and exposed organic materials can be degraded by host-derived proteases contained in saliva and dentin itself. New approaches to the prevention and treatment of root/dentin caries are required.

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“…MMP-9 is perhaps the most abundant salivary MMP and predominant in dentin caries lesions [Tjäderhane et al, 1998a]. High relative presence of MMP-8 and MMP-9 in outer caries layer compared to inner (caries-affected) layer [Shimada et al, 2009] indicates saliva as a source of these enzymes, supported by the strong correlation of salivary MMP-8 with caries [Hedenbjörk-Lager et al, 2015]. Saliva also contains cysteine cathepsins [Nascimento et al, 2011], at least cathepsin B [van Strijp et al, 2003].…”

Section: Host Proteases In Cariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matrix Metalloproteinases and Other Matrix Proteinases in Relation to Cariology: The Era of ‘Dentin Degradomics'

Tjäderhane

Buzalaf

Carrilho³

et al. 2015

Caries Res

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1,620

117

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Dentin organic matrix, with type I collagen as the main component, is exposed after demineralization in dentinal caries, erosion or acidic conditioning during adhesive composite restorative treatment. This exposed matrix is prone to slow hydrolytic degradation by host collagenolytic enzymes, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cysteine cathepsins. Here we review the recent findings demonstrating that inhibition of salivary or dentin endogenous collagenolytic enzymes may provide preventive means against progression of caries or erosion, just as they have been shown to retain the integrity and improve the longevity of resin composite filling bonding to dentin. This paper also presents the case that the organic matrix in caries-affected dentin may not be preserved as intact as previously considered. In partially demineralized dentin, MMPs and cysteine cathepsins with the ability to cleave off the terminal non-helical ends of collagen molecules (telopeptides) may lead to the gradual loss of intramolecular gap areas. This would seriously compromise the matrix ability for intrafibrillar remineralization, which is considered essential in restoring the dentin's mechanical properties. More detailed data of the enzymes responsible and their detailed function in dentin-destructive conditions may not only help to find new and better preventive means, but better preservation of demineralized dentin collagenous matrix may also facilitate true biological remineralization for the better restoration of tooth structural and mechanical integrity and mechanical properties.

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Caries Correlates Strongly with Salivary Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-8

Cited by 49 publications

References 44 publications

<b><i>MMP13</i></b> Contributes to Dental Caries Associated with Developmental Defects of Enamel

<b><i>MMP13</i></b> Contributes to Dental Caries Associated with Developmental Defects of Enamel

Ecological Hypothesis of Dentin and Root Caries

Matrix Metalloproteinases and Other Matrix Proteinases in Relation to Cariology: The Era of ‘Dentin Degradomics'

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