Caries experience and gingival health in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus—A cross‐sectional study

Gunasekaran, Senguttovelu; Silva, Mihiri; O’Connell, Michele A; Manton, David J.; Hallett, Kerrod B.

doi:10.1111/pedi.13324

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This approves the opinion of some authors, who note that the oral hygiene indices did not have significant differences between patients with type 1 DM and the control group [2,3,8]. However, it disproves the opinion of other authors, who found that the value of oral hygiene indices in patients with type 1 DM was much higher compared to healthy patients [16,17,20]. The last statement can be confirmed by comparing groups 1 and 4, and 2 and 4, where the difference was significant (p<0.05).…”

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confidence: 79%

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Evaluation of Oral Hygiene and Periodontal Indices of 6–14-Year-Old Children with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Шешукова¹,

Kuz²,

Bauman³

et al. 2023

Ukr. ž. med. bìol. sportu

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The purpose of the study was to evaluate oral hygiene and periodontal indices in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. 258 children aged 6-14 years were examined, including 129 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 129 children without concomitant somatic diseases. All patients were divided into four subgroups according to the presence of gingivitis. We determined the oral hygiene index-simplified (according to Green, Vermillion, 1964), the papillary-marginal-alveolar index in Parma modification (1960), the gingival index according to Loe, Sillness (1967). The t-test for paired samples was used to compare values. The difference was considered statistically significant at p<0.05. Results and discussion. The worst level of oral hygiene was in group of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and chronic catarrhal gingivitis because gum bleeding and pain in gums in these children did not allow them to make full efforts and carry out oral hygiene well. Our research showed a statistically significant difference between the patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and control group in accordance with periodontal indices. Children with diabetes mellitus had the highest values of periodontal indices. The inflammatory processes in the tissues of periodontium in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus are expanded, so it is very important to recognize them and diagnose them as early as possible. Periodontal indices in patients of the youngest age subgroup, namely, both the group of patients with diabetes mellitus and the group of children without somatic pathologies were the lowest. The totality of data on periodontal indices in children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis and type 1 diabetes mellitus indicated an average degree of severity of gingivitis, namely, the papillary-marginal-alveolar index was 42.77 ± 1.31%, the gingival index was 1.81 ± 0.05 points. Protective mechanisms in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus are changed. Children with this endocrine illness suffer from swelling of the gums and have extreme gum bleeding along with the development of the main endocrinological disease compared to healthy patients of the same age. According to the results we obtained, we believe that screenings of the oral cavity and preventive programs should emphasize the importance of early diagnosis of gingivitis and periodontitis even during the milk and mixed bite period, particularly in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion. Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus had a worse state of oral hygiene than healthy children. Children with diabetes mellitus had gum bleeding both during the period of temporary bite, and during the period of mixed bite

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confidence: 79%

“…Periodontitis and gingivitis are two kinds of periodontal diseases, known as complications in patients with DM and other systemic diseases [1,[10][11][12][13][14][15]. Special attention is paid to the condition of periodontium at an early age among patients with type 1 DM [16][17][18][19][20].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Oral Hygiene and Periodontal Indices of 6–14-Year-Old Children with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Шешукова¹,

Kuz²,

Bauman³

et al. 2023

Ukr. ž. med. bìol. sportu

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“…Lacking of timely treatment, dental caries in children and adolescents can result in the development of an abscess or the death of a tooth [ 3 ]. Dental caries also affects general health in children and adolescents, and is associated with a number of diseases such as hypertension and type 1 diabetes [ 4 , 5 ]. Therefore, it is essential to explore the risk factors in dental caries to improve and prevent dental caries in a young age.…”

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confidence: 99%

Combined effect of dietary calcium consumption and physical activity on dental caries in children and adolescents: a study of the NHANES database

Zhang,

Bai,

Jin

et al. 2024

BMC Oral Health

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Background Calcium (Ca) is a nutritional factor that associated with dental caries. A recent study showed that in the case of adequate Ca intake, a higher level of physical activity may contribute to bone mass accumulation. However, the combined effect between Ca intake and physical activity on caries experience is unclear. Herein, we aimed to explore the above combined effect on dental caries in children and adolescents. Methods Data of 5,917 children and adolescents were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database in 2015–2020 in this cross-sectional study. The NHANES assessed the dietary Ca intake through the 24-hour dietary recalls, and the physical activity level was self-reported using the questionnaires. Also, the dental caries was diagnosed according to the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth/Surfaces (DMFT/S) index. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were utilized to screen the covariates and to investigate the associations of dietary Ca intake and physical activity with dental caries, respectively, and assess the combined effect between dietary Ca intake and physical activity on dental caries. The evaluation indexes were odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses of age, obesity, and total sugar intake were also performed. Results Among the eligible participants, 2,687 had caries experience. After adjusting for the covariates, we found that children and adolescents who not reach the recommendation level of Ca intake combined with physical activity less than 7 time in 1 week seemed to have higher odds of dental caries [OR = 1.77, 95%CI: (1.38–2.27)], compared with those who reached the standards. In addition, this potential combined effect was also found in age < 12 years old [OR = 1.62, 95%CI: (1.23–2.14)], non-obesity [OR = 1.88, 95%CI: (1.49–2.35)], and total sugar intake (all P < 0.05) subgroups. Conclusions Ca intake and physical activity had a potential combined effect on dental caries in children and adolescents, but the causal relationships between them needed further clarification.

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Caries experience and gingival health in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus—A cross‐sectional study

et al. 2022

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Aim To investigate the oral health of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and its associations with diabetes‐related and lifestyle factors. Design Cross‐sectional study at a large tertiary hospital pediatric diabetes clinic. Oral examination determined dental caries experience and gingival health. Secondary outcome measures included salivary characteristics, oral hygiene and dietary practices, and diabetes‐related factors. Results Eighty children and adolescents with T1D participated; mean (SD) age and HbA1c were 13.4(2.6) years and 7.7(0.9)%, respectively. Forty‐seven (59%) participants had one or more decayed, missing or filled teeth; 75 (94%) participants had gingivitis. Half (50%) reported ≥3 hypoglycemic episodes necessitating rapid‐acting carbohydrate in the previous week. Sixty‐two participants (78%) had normal saliva flow, however, 42 (52%) had reduced salivary buffering capacity. Glycemic control (HbA1c) was not associated with caries experience, gingival health or salivary characteristics. Increased frequency of tooth brushing (OR, 0.11; 95%CI 0.01–0.97, p = 0.05) and interdental flossing (OR, 0.31; 95%CI 0.12–0.81, p = 0.02) were associated with lower caries experience. Interdental flossing (OR, 0.31; 95% CI 0.12–0.80, p = 0.02) and good oral hygiene (OR, 0.06; 95% CI 0.01–0.22, p < 0.001) were associated with less gingivitis. Conclusion Poor oral health is common in children with T1D, regardless of HbA1c. Given potential implications for short‐ and long‐term systemic health, this study demonstrates the need for targeted strategies to improve oral health in children with T1D.

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Caries experience and gingival health in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus—A cross‐sectional study

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Evaluation of Oral Hygiene and Periodontal Indices of 6–14-Year-Old Children with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Evaluation of Oral Hygiene and Periodontal Indices of 6–14-Year-Old Children with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Combined effect of dietary calcium consumption and physical activity on dental caries in children and adolescents: a study of the NHANES database

Caries experience and gingival health in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus—A cross‐sectional study

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