Caring for someone with Parkinson's disease: factors that contribute to distress

Predictors of the psychosocial impact of being a carer of people living with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review

“…Seven of the ten studies exploring PwP depression identified it as a predictor of carer burden [6,20,29,33,[35][36][37]. Tanji et al [33] found that depression was a predictor in their USA, but not their Japanese, sample.…”

“…Greater carer depression (especially among spouse caregivers [30]) was a predictor in four studies [30-31, 33, 39] with only two studies failing to find a relationship [29,38]. Poorer carer social support was found to be a predictor in two studies [23,30], but not in another two [36,39]. One study found a relationship in offspring, but not spouse, carers [30].…”

“…One study found a relationship in offspring, but not spouse, carers [30]. There was a lack of consistency regarding how social support was measured, which included social support from community and state or family [30], the family subscale of the perceived social support scale [23], social network contacts [39] and size of social network [36].…”

“…Depression was measured using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale [19,24,35], Beck Depression Inventory [6,36], Geriatric Depression Scale [36], Hamilton Depression Scale [29,41] and Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale [29]. Medical Outcomes Study Mental…”

“…Of five studies that explored PwP depression as a predictor of carer depression, two found a positive relationship [6,36], one reported a relationship but failed to report its direction [29] and two did not find a relationship [35,41].…”