Caring in nursing: a multivariate analysis

Abstract

The dimensions underlying the perceptions of caring among nurses were investigated using the Edinburgh Caring Dimensions Inventory (CDI). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis techniques were used. While there was a general caring factor on which the majority of the items in the CDI loaded, there were two separable major dimensions to caring, namely 'psychosocial aspects' and 'professional and technical aspects'. In addition, two smaller dimensions were identified that were both related to self-giving, and it is postulated that these refer, respectively, to appropriate and inappropriate self-giving in nursing.

Impact of an educational program on nursing students’ caring and self-perception in intensive clinical training in Jordan

“…The concept of caring is considered by many to be central to the practice of nursing and, indeed, some consider caring and nursing to be almost synonymous 8–10. Caring has been seen as the essence of nursing and as a process of interaction and communication 11,12.…”

Development of the Nursing Relationships Scale: a measure of interpersonal approaches in nursing care

“…The focus of the CDI is on exploring the broad concept of nursing care. Lea, Watson and Deary [14] reported that two major dimensions measured by the CDI are 'psychosocial' (of interest to the development of the NRS) and 'professional/technical' aspects of nursing care. Lea and Watson [15] showed that psychosocial elements were invariant across nursing in different settings (surgical versus general medical wards) while showing differences between settings along the 'professional/technical' dimension.…”

“…The Nursing Relationship Scale (NRS) was developed to fill this gap. While there has been significant exploration of the nurse-patient interaction using qualitative methods (e.g., [19]) there appears to be less work using closed-ended questionnaires [14], which constitute a more versatile approach when gathering information from large samples using survey methods. In this paper we report the development of a new measure, the Nursing Relationship Scale (NRS).…”

The Development of Perceived Campus Caring Scale in a University-Based Sample in Hong Kong

“…There are several instruments and models on the study of caring behaviors but most are in healthcare settings [53]. These include the Caring Dimensions Inventory (CDI) on categories of caring [53] and the Caring Behaviors Inventory [54]. These instruments are helpful in understanding different aspects of caring pertaining to healthcare settings.…”

“…Though there has been a significant development in establishing caring as a viable moral and political concept in the past twenty-five years [52], caring remains rather obscure particularly in a learning environment. There are several instruments and models on the study of caring behaviors but most are in healthcare settings [53]. These include the Caring Dimensions Inventory (CDI) on categories of caring [53] and the Caring Behaviors Inventory [54].…”