Carnosine exhibits significant antiviral activity against Dengue and Zika virus

Abstract

Dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) are flaviviruses transmitted to humans by their common vector, Aedes mosquitoes. DENV infection represents one of the most widely spread mosquito-borne diseases whereas ZIKV infection occasionally re-

Phytopharmaceuticals mediated Furin and TMPRSS2 receptor blocking: can it be a potential therapeutic option for Covid-19?

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The Prevention and Management of COVID-19: Seeking a Practical and Timely Solution

“…Owing to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, carnosine can reduce the concentration of highly reactive peroxynitrites in the human body, aiding the immune fight against viral infections such as influenza A, dengue fever and Zika [68]. Furthermore, in liver cell culture assays, carnosine has been shown to significantly inhibit viral genome replication and to ameliorate cell viability post infection [69].…”

COVID-19 and Senotherapeutics: Any Role for the Naturally-occurring Dipeptide Carnosine?

“…There is evidence, first obtained more than 25 years ago, that carnosine delays senescence, extends lifespan and even rejuvenates cultured human lung fibroblasts [5]. Subsequent studies revealed that carnosine (i) can delay ageing and/or related phenomena in some animal models [6][7][8][9][10], (ii) possesses anti-oxidant and anti-glycating activities [11][12][13][14][15], (iii) possesses anti-inflammatory properties [16][17][18][19][20], (iv) is protective towards lung injury [21][22][23], (v) can decrease the infectivity of RNA viruses Zika, Denge [24] and influenza [25], (vi) is an inhibitor of CD26 (also known and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) [26,27] and ACE-2 (angiotensin converting enzyme 2) [28,29], i.e. the cell receptors to which COVID-19 attaches to ensure infection [30,31], (vii) can complex with zinc ions to form polaprezinc [32]; it has been reported that zinc ions can inhibit COVID-19 RNA polymerase thus suppressing viral replication [33].…”