Carotenoid content of different edible pandanus fruit cultivars of the republic of the Marshall Islands

A Systematic Review on the Contributions of Edible Plant and Animal Biodiversity to Human Diets

“…Importantly, the initiative of FAO on nutrition indicators for biodiversity has given a first step by launching measurement tools and indicators to help to overcome these shortcomings (FAO 2008(FAO , 2010a. Observations/field, market visits (local names) a Rajasekaran and Whiteford (1993), Nordeide et al (1996), Mennen and Mbanya (2000), Ogle et al (2001a), Lykke et al (2002), Kennedy et al (2005), Englberger et al (2006, Nebel et al (2006), Orban et al (2006), Singh and Garg (2006), Dovie et al (2007), Ekesa et al (2008), Englberger et al (2008Englberger et al ( , 2009Englberger et al ( , 2010b Plant/animal identification (scientific names) Nordeide et al (1996) Indexed terms and key words that would accurately retrieve the desired documents were not available. We therefore used a combination of dietary, health, and agricultural terms for the search and used a series of databases from various disciplines.…”

“…Studies on the contribution of local food intake to meet micronutrient recommendations reported nutrient adequacy of diversified diets (Hatloy et al 1998;Roos et al 2003), the proportion of micronutrient intake supplied from local foods (Ogle et al 2001c;Kuhnlein et al 2006;Singh and Garg 2006;Roche et al 2008), and the percentage of recommended intake covered by the usual consumption of local foods (Ogle et al 2001a;Englberger et al 2006;Roos et al 2007a, b;Englberger et al 2008;Davey et al 2009;Englberger et al 2009Englberger et al , 2010b. Both studies evaluating micronutrient adequacy of local diets were based on actual intake, one used mean adequacy (Hatloy et al 1998) and the other nutrient contribution ratios (Roos et al 2003) to report the results.…”

“…The study of Davey et al (2009) and those of Englberger et al (2006Englberger et al ( , 2008Englberger et al ( , 2009Englberger et al ( , 2010a identified several vitamin A-rich Musa fruit varieties, Cyrtosperma, and Pandanus that could, under normal consumption patterns, potentially contribute to meet dietary recommendations for vitamin A. In addition, Ogle et al (2001a) found that the daily intake of some naturally occurring vegetables can potentially contribute to meet up to 30 and 40% of the recommended allowances of vitamin A and calcium, respectively.…”

“…Local food biodiversity was mainly documented using a combination of interviews and by field observations (Rajasekaran and Whiteford 1993;Nordeide et al 1996;Mennen and Mbanya 2000;Ogle et al 2001a;Lykke et al 2002;Kennedy et al 2005;Englberger et al 2006;Nebel et al 2006;Orban et al 2006;Dovie et al 2007;Englberger et al 2008Englberger et al , 2009Englberger et al , 2010b. These studies belong mostly to the category of dietary diversification.…”

Carotenoid Dyes – Production

“…flesh colour, peel type/colour, stage of maturity, pH) and any other informative data, if available, such as origin, soil and climate, size, cultivar, harvest date, preservation and packing medium, will improve the applicability and comparability of data. Cultivar/varietal difference could be quantitative, as in the case of Brazilian mangoes [10], red-fleshed Brazilian papayas [12], citrus cultivars from Florida [13], red tomatoes [14], pandanus fruit [15] and yellow-fleshed sweet potatoes and pumpkin [16]. An example is shown in Table 14.1 for varieties of sweet potatoes and pumpkins found in Sri Lanka.…”