Carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) in young type 1 diabetic patients in relation to comorbid additional autoimmune diseases and microvascular complications

Klonowska, Bożenna; Charemska, Dorota; Jabłońska, Jolanta; Banach, Agnieszka; Klinke, Anna; Szynkarczuk, Edyta; Konopka, Malwina; Jarocka-Cyrta, Elżbieta; Załuski, Dariusz; Głowińska-Olszewska, Barbara

doi:10.18544/pedm-22.03.0057

Cited by 5 publications

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“…There is increasing knowledge about the prevalence of AAD in the course of long-lasting T1D in children with T1D (15,16). Notably, the association of T1D with other autoimmune illnesses that coexist from the onset of diabetes and the actual trend of this connection over the years are not fully recognized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Co-occurrence of Additional Autoimmune Disorders at Diabetes Type 1 Onset Among Children and Adolescents Diagnosed in Years 2010–2018—Single-Center Study

et al. 2020

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Objectives: The prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) in children is growing, but its relation to other autoimmune disorders that coexist since the onset of diabetes is not recognized. The objective of this study was to assess the incidence of T1D and the prevalence of autoimmune illnesses additionally coexisting since the diabetes mellitus onset in children during a period of 9 years' observation. Methods: In this retrospective study, the incidence rate (IR) of the T1D was calculated as the total number of all cases that were newly diagnosed per 100,000 population people between 0 and 18 years of age. The selected age groups (0-4, 5-9, 10-14, and 15-18 years) were examined, respectively. The studied group included 493 children (264 [53.55%] boys) between 0 and 18 years old newly diagnosed with T1D in one of the Polish centers in the years 2010-2018. Other autoimmune illnesses diagnoses were obtained from medical records taken from the first hospital treatment, when T1D was recognized. Results: The annual standardized IR of T1D increased from 19.2/100,000 in year 2010 to 31.7/100,000 in 2018 (1.7-fold over 9 years' observation), with an increase in the incidence rate ratio (IRR) by 4% per year. The highest growth in IR was recorded in 5-to 9-year-olds (from 19.61 in 2010 to 43.45 in 2018). In 61 (12.4%) of the studied group, at least one additional autoimmune disease was diagnosed. The prevalence doubled from 10.4% in the year 2010 to 20.8% in the year 2018. Autoimmune thyroid illnesses were found in 37 children (7.5%); their incidence increased from 6.3% to almost 2-fold, 12.5%, in 2018. In 26 children (5.3%), celiac disease was recognized; the prevalence increased from 4.2 to 9.8% in the study period. The prevalence of additional autoimmune thyroid disease was higher in glutamic acid decarboxylase-positive antibodies (χ 2 = 3.4, p = 0.04) patients, the oldest age group (15-18 years) (χ 2 =7.1, p = 0.06), and in girls (χ 2 =7.1, p = 0.007). Głowińska-Olszewska et al. Autoimmune Comorbidities in T1D Children Conclusions: The standardized IR of T1D in children increased 1.7-fold over the 9-year observation period, and IRR increased 4% per year. Additional autoimmunity represents a significant comorbidity in patients with new-onset T1D. The number of children diagnosed with additional autoimmune diseases that accompany T1D is rapidly growing in all age groups throughout recent years.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Co-occurrence of Additional Autoimmune Disorders at Diabetes Type 1 Onset Among Children and Adolescents Diagnosed in Years 2010–2018—Single-Center Study

et al. 2020

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“…The discussion of obtained results regarding macrovascular system is limited due to the lack of other studies on properties of large arteries in corresponding pediatric cohorts. The literature review revealed only one study performed on adolescents and young adults with diabetes, which showed that the presence of additional autoimmune disease does not significantly affect the value of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT; Klonowska et al, 2016). However, the functional effects of AIT have not been studied in their research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common carotid pulsatility is deteriorated by autoimmune thyroiditis in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus – A pilot study

et al. 2020

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“…Recent studies have shown that obesity and T1DM in youth are associated with greater cIMT. It is also influenced by hypertension, dyslipidemia, and poor glycemic control (23)(24)(25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of novel markers of metabolic complications and cardiovascular risk factors between obese non-diabetic and obese type 1 diabetic children and young adults

Klinke

Charemska²,

Jarocka-Cyrta³

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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IntroductionFor the past years, the prevalence of obesity is growing in the general population of children, as well as among diabetic patients, resulting in increased risk of cardiovascular complications. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and young adults, leading to decreased life quality and lifespan, with obesity being recognized recently as a major contributing factor to these health problems. The objective of this study was to analyze and compare the selected novel markers for metabolic complications of obesity and vascular risk factors between obese non-diabetic and obese T1DM children and young adults.MethodsOne hundred four subjects, aged between 10 and 24 years (31 with T1DM and excessive body weight, 41 with obesity without diabetes, and 32 with T1DM and normal weight), and 32 matched lean controls were included in the study. Clinical characteristics, blood pressure measurements, daily requirement for insulin, HbA1c%, plasma lipids, fetuin-A, E-selectin, and osteoprotegerin levels were compared with respect to body mass index (BMI), body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS), and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) of common carotid arteries.ResultsPatients with T1DM and excessive body weight compared to non-diabetic obese subjects had similar values of systolic blood pressure (125.6 ± 8.2 vs. 127.3 ± 12.9 mmHg, p = 0.515), diastolic blood pressure (78.19 ± 7.03 vs. 78.02 ± 8.01 mmHg, p = 0.918), cholesterol (175.26 ± 34.1 vs. 163.51 ± 26.08 mg/dl, p = 0.102), LDL (108.03 ± 32.55 vs. 112.22 ± 26.36 mg/dl, p = 0.548), and triglyceride levels (118.19 ± 71.20 vs. 117 ± 55.80 mg/dl, p = 0.937); all values were found to be higher compared to non-obese T1DM and healthy controls. HbA1c level and insulin resistance indices were significantly worse in T1DM obese vs. T1DM non-obese patients. Fetuin-A levels were higher among obese non-diabetic patients (p = 0.01), and E-selectin and osteoprotegerin levels were similar in both groups with obesity, but higher than in the reference group. There were no statistical differences in cIMT with T1DM with normal weight, excessive weight, and non-diabetic obese children; however, the cIMT value was higher compared to the reference group.DiscussionNovel markers of metabolic complications of obesity are similar between obese T1DM and non-diabetic subjects. Obesity in patients with T1DM results in worse metabolic control, insulin resistance, and increased risk for vascular complications.

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Carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) in young type 1 diabetic patients in relation to comorbid additional autoimmune diseases and microvascular complications

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Increasing Co-occurrence of Additional Autoimmune Disorders at Diabetes Type 1 Onset Among Children and Adolescents Diagnosed in Years 2010–2018—Single-Center Study

Increasing Co-occurrence of Additional Autoimmune Disorders at Diabetes Type 1 Onset Among Children and Adolescents Diagnosed in Years 2010–2018—Single-Center Study

Common carotid pulsatility is deteriorated by autoimmune thyroiditis in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus – A pilot study

Comparison of novel markers of metabolic complications and cardiovascular risk factors between obese non-diabetic and obese type 1 diabetic children and young adults

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