Carvone (R)‐(‐) and (S)‐(+) enantiomers inhibits upper gastrointestinal motility in mice

Abstract

Carvone is a monoterpene ketone that occurs naturally as (R)-(-) and (S)-(+) enantiomers in some essential oils that are used in the food and flavour industry and in folk medicine for the treatment of digestive disorders. However, the actions of carvone enantiomers on the gastrointestinal motility in vivo models are not well known. The effects of (R)-(-)-and (S)-(+)-carvone on gut motility were evaluated in mice by measuring gastric dye emptying and the rate of intestinal transit. It was also evaluated by measuring intragastric pressure monitored in vivo, and the contractile behaviour of gut strips from mice was studied in vitro.(R)-(-)-carvone and (S)-(+)-carvone caused gastric retention, reflected by decreased gastric dye emptying. These effects were accompanied by a reduction of the propulsive behaviour of the small intestine. The retarding effects of carvone on gastric emptying were also related to a decrease in the magnitude of intragastric pressure waves. The carvone-induced effects in vivo resembled those of the positive control, loperamide. In vitro, carvone relaxed sustained contractions induced by carbachol in strips of longitudinal gastric fundus and duodenum. In fundic strips under Ca 2+ -free conditions, (S)-(+)-carvone inhibited both the phasic and tonic phases of carbachol-induced contractions and contractions caused by electrical field stimulation. Carvone inhibited duodenal tissues more than gastric tissues, especially when plasmalemmal Ca 2+ influx was pharmacologically stimulated. Both enantiomers (R)-(-)-carvone and (S)-(+)-carvone exerted myorelaxant and antispasmodic effects on gut smooth muscle in vitro and inhibited gastrointestinal motility in awake mice.

Antifungal activity and antidiarrheal activity via antimotility mechanisms of (-)-fenchone in experimental models

“…It suggests that (-)-fenchone influenced peristaltic movements of the intestine, characterizing an antimotility activity. Silva et al [ 24 ] shown that the monoterpene carvone also reduced the percentage of intestinal transit in this model.…”

“…In fact, in recent years many species of plants and their isolated compounds, including terpenes, have shown promising antidiarrheal and motility effects, such as the friedelan-3β-ol, friedelin, volvalerenol A triterpenes[ 22 , 23 ] and the monoterpene carvone[ 24 ] and α-terpineol[ 25 ].…”

Involvement of serotonergic pathways in gastric dysmotility induced by fat burning nutritional supplements in mice

“…Samples were read spectrophotometrically at 560 ​nm to construct dilution curves by plotting the dye concentrations against optical densities. The amount of dye emptied by the stomach was expressed as a percentage ( Silva et al., 2015 ).…”

“…Isometric contractions were recorded using an isometric transducer coupled to an acquisition system (PowerLab, AD Instruments, Bella Vista, Australia). The Tyrode solution with the tissues was continuously maintained at 37 ​°C and bubbled with a carbogen mixture (5% CO 2 in O 2 ) ( Silva et al., 2015 ).…”

Gastrointestinale Wirkungen von Kümmelöl, Carvi aetheroleum

“…Beide verzögerten auch signifikant den Darmtransit, wenn eine flüssige Testmahlzeit direkt in den Zwölffingerdarm injiziert wurde, wobei die Auswirkungen mit denen der Positivkontrolle (Loperamid) vergleichbar sind. Zudem waren die spontanen und rhythmischen intragastrischen mittleren Amplituden der Druckwellen im Vergleich zu Vehikel alleine verringert, ohne die Stärke der Wirkung von Loperamid zu erreichen[39]. Die Ergebnisse zeigten eine signifikante Verringerung der Kontraktionsamplituden des Duodenums sowie eine Verkürzung der Kontraktionsdauer und der Amplituden im Magenkorpus und Antrum, was auf eine entspannende Wirkung des Öls auf die glatte Muskulatur hinweist[31].…”