Cascaded few-mode fiber down-taper modal interferometers and their application in curvature sensing

Chen, Enqing; Dong, Bo; Li, Yang; Wang, Xiaoli; Zhao, Yudi; Xu, Wei; Zhao, Wei; Wang, Yishan

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2020.126274

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…To date, various curvature sensors have been investigated based on fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) [1], long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) [2], mode interferometers [3] and so on. The sensitivity of FBG-based curvature sensor is degraded due to the insensitivity of fiber core mode for curvature [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative curvature hollow core fiber-functionalized cascaded structure for curvature sensing

Zhang,

et al. 2023

Advanced Sensor Systems and Applications XIII

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We demonstrate a high-sensitivity curvature sensor based on the negative curvature hollow core fiber (NCHCF). The graded index fiber (GIF) is introduced between single mode fiber (SMF) and NCHCF for the sensor of cascaded structure of SMF-GIF-NCHCF-GIF-SMF. The coupling efficiency can be improved by cascading the GIF. The experimental results show that there are two coexisted mechanisms in the cascaded structure, where multi-mode interference (MMI) is sensitive to curvature change and anti-resonance (AR) is insensitive to curvature change. The obtained curvature sensitivity based on MMI is up to -4.97 nm/m -1 . With advantages of compactness, flexibility, high sensitivity and so on, the curvature sensor shows prospects in structural health monitoring, medical applications, energy exploration and other fields.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative curvature hollow core fiber-functionalized cascaded structure for curvature sensing

Zhang,

et al. 2023

Advanced Sensor Systems and Applications XIII

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“…Over the past few decades, fiber interferometers have been recognized as powerful tools for precisely measuring physical, chemical, or biological parameters in many scientific and industrial applications. Among those fiber interferometers, modal interferometers with high sensitivity have been widely employed for optical imaging and sensing systems [1][2][3]. However, the long-term environment and temperature stability are always important issues to be addressed and compensated for.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Tapered Fiber Few-Mode Interferometers Incorporated by Molecule Self-Assembly Fiber Grating for Temperature Sensing Applications

et al. 2022

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We demonstrate fiber few-mode interferometers based on a self-assembly surface corrugated grating using charged nano-particles. Initially, an abrupt taper (AT) was first created using a micro flame. The AT was then further outwardly stretched to make an elongated uniformed taper until the tapered diameter achieved a micron scale. The high order core modes (HOCMs) were excited at the AT and the optical path difference (OPD) among the modes was enlarged through the uniformed taper to achieve the few-mode interference effects seen. However, to significantly enhance the interference effects with higher extinction ratios (ER) over such a short length of interferometer, an external assisted grating was made using charged nanoparticles to form surface corrugated grating with a period, Λ, of approximately 14 μm. This intermediate period of the fiber grating was helpful in scattering and attenuating some unwanted high-order modes to change the optical characteristics of the few-mode interferometer (FMI). This FMI with a self-assembly fiber grating (SAFG) was further used to make fiber temperature sensors, with a maximum resonant wavelength shift of 4.6 nm, over a temperature range from 20–60 °C. The temperature sensitivity achieved was 112.6 pm/°C and the coefficient of determination, R2, was as high as 0.99, which revealed the high linearity of the results.

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“…After decades of development in optical fiber sensing technology, the requirements for optical fiber curvature sensors are increasing. Therefore, it is important to focus on reducing the production cost of optical fiber curvature sensors, simplifying their production process, and improving their measurement accuracy Recently, studies have indicated that optical fiber curvature sensors with different structures, such as the Michelson interferometer [15,16], Sagnac interferometer [17], fiber grating [18], modal interference [19], photonic crystal fiber (PCF) [20], and other sensors with various microstructures, are effective for curvature measurements [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. For example, Ruan [17] fabricated a curvature sensor by splicing a piece of a multimode fiber between a single-mode fiber (SMF) and polarisation maintaining fiber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Measurement of Curvature and Temperature Based on a Simple Cascaded Fiber Interferometer

Wang¹,

Lu²,

Liu³

2022

PIER M

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An optical fiber sensor based on thin-core fiber (TCF) and no-core fiber (NCF) interference structures is presented and experimentally demonstrated to measure the curvature and temperature. The fabrication process of the sensor is simple and convenient, and the sensing part is formed by cascading a TCF and an NCF between two single-mode fibers. The dips at resonant wavelengths are generated in the optical transmission spectrum owing to mode interference. The experimental results indicate that an optical curvature sensitivity of −5.76 nm/m −1 is achieved in the linear range of 0.9895-3.2817 m −1 and that a temperature sensitivity of 0.18 nm/ • C is obtained in the temperature range of 25-55 • C. Additionally, the cross sensitivity problem is solved using the coefficient matrix measurement method, and the cross-sensitivity is as low as 0.0312 m −1 / • C. Therefore, the sensor exhibits a highly reproducible technique and low cross sensitivity, which has a wide range of application prospects in the accurate measurement of mechanical arms and structural health monitoring.

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Cascaded few-mode fiber down-taper modal interferometers and their application in curvature sensing

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Negative curvature hollow core fiber-functionalized cascaded structure for curvature sensing

Negative curvature hollow core fiber-functionalized cascaded structure for curvature sensing

Micro-Tapered Fiber Few-Mode Interferometers Incorporated by Molecule Self-Assembly Fiber Grating for Temperature Sensing Applications

Simultaneous Measurement of Curvature and Temperature Based on a Simple Cascaded Fiber Interferometer

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