Case-control study of risk factors for prostate cancer

Ilic, Milena D; Vlajinac, Hristina; Marinković, Jelena

doi:10.1038/bjc.1996.610

Cited by 75 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Our findings are in agreement with a majority of previous studies showing a statistically significant inverse association between high level of recreational activity (Oliveria et al, 1996;Albanes et al, 1989;Hartman et al, 1998;Severson et al, 1989) and occupational activity (Brownson et al, 1991;Dosemeci et al, 1993;Hsing et al, 1994;Bairati et al, 2000;Clarke and Whittemore, 2001) and prostate cancer risk, but in contrast to two studies showing significant positive association (Ilic et al, 1996;Cerhan et al, 1997). In a follow-up study by Health Professionals, an inverse association with recreational physical activity was observed for metastatic prostate cancer only (Giovannucci et al, 1998).…”

Section: Epidemiologysupporting

confidence: 93%

Occupational physical activity and risk for prostate cancer in a nationwide cohort study in Sweden

et al. 2002

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We investigated effects of occupational physical activity on relative risk for prostate cancer. From Swedish nationwide censuses in 1960 and 1970, we defined two cohorts of men whose occupational titles allowed classification of physical activity levels at work in 1960 (n=1 348 971) and in 1970 (n=1 377 629). A third cohort included only men whose jobs required a similar level of physical activity in both 1960 and 1970 (n=673 443). The incidence of prostate cancer between 1971 and 1989 was ascertained through record linkage to the Swedish Cancer Register. A total of 43 836, 28 702, and 19 670 prostate cancers, respectively, occurred in the three cohorts. In all three cohorts, the relative risk for prostate cancer increased with decreasing level of occupational physical activity (P50.001), using Poisson regression. Among men with the same physical activity levels in 1960 and 1970, the rate ratio was 1.11 for men with sedentary jobs as compared with those whose jobs had very high/high activity levels after adjustment for age at follow-up, calendar year of follow-up and place of residence (95% CI 1.05 -1.17; P for trend 50.001). There was no association between occupational activity and prostate cancer mortality. Since we had no data on other potential risk factors the observed associations for both incidence and mortality might have been confounded. Further studies are needed to better understand the potential role of physical activity for prostate cancer. Keywords: prostatic neoplasms; occupational physical activity; exercise; cohort studies; risk factors Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among Swedish men (31.5% of all cancer cases in men in 1999 and incidence rate 159 per 100 000) and the incidence rate has been steadily increasing since the 1960s (The Swedish Cancer Registry, 2001). The causes of prostate cancer are not clearly understood and genetic and environmental/life style factors seem to be important (Ross and Schottenfeld, 1996).Epidemiological studies of physical activity and prostate cancer risk have been inconclusive, but suggest a protective effect with higher levels of activity (Friedenreich and Thune, 2001). The theory is biologically plausible since physical activity may affect serum levels of testosterone and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and regulate the immune system (Chan et al, 1998b;McTiernan et al, 1998;Friedenreich and Thune, 2001). Moreover, physical activity might alter prostate cancer risk indirectly, by influencing body weight . In a prospective study, both cardiorespiratory fitness and self-reported history of sports activities were inversely related to prostate cancer risk (Oliveria et al, 1996).We used the nationwide, Swedish Cancer-Environment Register 60/70, to assess risk for prostate cancer in relation to occupational physical activity. We focused on men employed in 1960, and in 1970, with special attention given to men with the same level of occupational physical activity at these two assessments 10 years apart. The large number of observed prostate cancer case...

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Section: Epidemiologysupporting

confidence: 93%

Occupational physical activity and risk for prostate cancer in a nationwide cohort study in Sweden

et al. 2002

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“…To our knowledge, no nationally representative estimates of the cumulative incidence of gonorrhea exist. Our null finding for gonorrhea is consistent with the results from eight previous case-control studies (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19) but differs from those from an additional six case-control studies and meta-analysis findings (2,7,11,(20)(21)(22)(23). Profound nondifferential misclassification of gonorrhea due to poor recall or a reluctance to report stigmatizing diseases is unlikely to explain our null result for several reasons.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Gonorrhea, Syphilis, Clinical Prostatitis, and the Risk of Prostate Cancer

Sutcliffe

Giovannucci

Marzo

et al. 2006

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background: Although previous case-control studies have observed positive associations among gonorrhea, syphilis, clinical prostatitis, and prostate cancer, many may have been susceptible to recall and interviewer biases due to their retrospective designs. Therefore, to investigate these associations without concerns of recall and interviewer biases, we conducted a large, prospective investigation in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Methods: In 1992, participants were asked to report their histories of gonorrhea, syphilis, and clinical prostatitis by mailed questionnaire. Prostate cancer diagnoses were ascertained by self-report on the 1994 and each subsequent biennial follow-up questionnaire and confirmed by medical record review. Results: Of the 36,033 participants in this analysis, 2,263 were diagnosed with prostate cancer between the date of return

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“…Previous studies on the relationship between physical activities and prostate carcinoma have yielded conflicting results (Lee et al, 1992;Ilic et al, 1996). Exercise among the elderly in Taiwan is usually a leisure-time activity among the affluent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet, vegetarian food and prostate carcinoma among men in Taiwan

Lin

et al. 2005

Br J Cancer

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In a case -control study in a veterans hospital in Taiwan, we compared 237 histology-confirmed prostate carcinoma cases with 481 controls, frequency matched by age, for their consumption of vegetarian food, namely soybean products, rice, wheat protein and other vegetables. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed a significant association with such food (odds ratio 07, 3.30). Stratified analysis also showed that the consumption of fish/shellfish had an adverse association for men with higher BMI. This study suggests that the intake of the low fat local vegetarian food has a protective effect against prostate carcinoma for thin men in this study population.

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Case-control study of risk factors for prostate cancer

Cited by 75 publications

References 12 publications

Occupational physical activity and risk for prostate cancer in a nationwide cohort study in Sweden

Occupational physical activity and risk for prostate cancer in a nationwide cohort study in Sweden

Gonorrhea, Syphilis, Clinical Prostatitis, and the Risk of Prostate Cancer

Diet, vegetarian food and prostate carcinoma among men in Taiwan

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