CASE NOTES AND CLINICIANS: GALEN’S <i>COMMENTARY</i> ON THE HIPPOCRATIC <i>EPIDEMICS</i> IN THE ARABIC TRADITION*

Pormann, Peter

doi:10.1017/s0957423908000568

Cited by 34 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…17 One example of a translated work in this style is the Arabic translation of Galen’s Commentary on Hippocratic Epidemics . 35 Another popular book written in this style is Al-Masa'il fi-al-'Ain ( Questions on the Eye ) and is attributed to Hunain. This book is an extract of the first six treatises of Ten Treatises on the Eye which includes 207 questions and answers on the anatomy, physiology and pathology of the eye.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Al-Masā‘il fī al-tibb: Ḥunain ibn Isḥāq’s historic medical text with a distinctive style of Islamic medical education

2018

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The golden age of Islamic medicine (800 to 1300 CE) is a notable period in medical history. Medical education in this period of time was significant and systematic in Islamic territory. In the early Golden Age of Islamic Medicine, Abū Zayd Ḥunain ibn Isḥāq al-'Ibādī, an exceptional scholar and translator, emerged. He was known as Johannitius in medieval Europe. Al-Masā‘il fī al-tibb lil-Mutāllimīn ( Questions on Medicine for Students) was written by Hunain ibn Isḥāq. This book remains a definitive text on Islamic medicine and has been printed and published widely in Europe. Al-Masā‘il fī al-tibb is written in the style of questions and answers which is distinct from the conventional writing style of medical books on Islamic medicine. The current article reviews Al-Masā‘il fī al-tibb and its distinguishing style, the question and answer format. Today, the question-and-answer method is a popular method of medical education, and clinical teachers tend to use it in medical education because of the advantages it offers. The use of this method in Al-Masā‘il fī al-tibb for education and examination of medical students by Ḥunain ibn Isḥāq reflects a great improvisation in medical education and introduces him as the leading developer of the question-and-answer method in Islamic medical education.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Al-Masā‘il fī al-tibb: Ḥunain ibn Isḥāq’s historic medical text with a distinctive style of Islamic medical education

2018

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“…Against this assumption, I argue, epidēmia and pandēmia can be theorised as inherently political, not medical metaphors. Epidēmiai in ancient Greek signified kinetics, visits, visitations; the term "literally means 'coming to (epí) a community (dêmos)'" [21] (p. 249), even returning home. The derivative term "epidēmiourgoi" denoted a political institution of visitation, inspection and control, the archontes (rulers) sent by Doric metropolises annually to visit their colonies.…”

Section: The Suggested Dose Of De-medicalisation Of Politics and Its Semantic Groundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the original meaning of epidemics is political and more minimal, yet richer, than that of its later conceptual history of medicalisation, after Hippocratic Epidemics' mobility and dissemination in various places and times. For, the Hippocratic Epidemics "fascinated generations of physicians, philosophers, and philologists" [21] (p. 248), that is, it had, as I see it, its own infectious, epidemic, effect. Along with Galen's commentary, it was "transmitted into Syriac and Arabic" [21] (p. 248), travelled from the ancient Greek world to the Arabic, Medieval space and time, and had a long history of influencing European medical literature and clinical practice.…”

Section: The Suggested Dose Of De-medicalisation Of Politics and Its Semantic Groundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For, the Hippocratic Epidemics "fascinated generations of physicians, philosophers, and philologists" [21] (p. 248), that is, it had, as I see it, its own infectious, epidemic, effect. Along with Galen's commentary, it was "transmitted into Syriac and Arabic" [21] (p. 248), travelled from the ancient Greek world to the Arabic, Medieval space and time, and had a long history of influencing European medical literature and clinical practice. However, instead of being used just for contagious illness, this broader and more original meaning of epidemics, in its semantic ambiguity of kinesis and stasis, enables more complex political considerations.…”

Section: The Suggested Dose Of De-medicalisation Of Politics and Its Semantic Groundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Philosophy of Education in Times of Crises and Pandemics

Papastephanou

2021

Education Sciences

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In much of the philosophy of education today, diagnoses of socio-political pathologies underpin visions of a more desirable, democratic future. However, the very philosophical act of making an educational vision responsive to (and dependent on) crises of the times is rarely, if ever, critiqued. On the contrary, a pattern of standardised research steps is being consolidated, one that reflects medicalised politics of identifying a critically “ill” present, offering “cures” that promise a better future. In this article, it is argued that this pattern has major epistemic and political risks. It may jeopardise the quality of educational–philosophical research, and it may make philosophy of education overlook new, undemocratic politics. This article briefly discusses the pattern, and then the risks of the medical metaphors on which the pattern relies. One such risk concerns what counts as politically “ill” in “pandemic times”, and new polarisations, such as “the vaccinated versus the unvaccinated”, may thus be introduced. Finally, the article suggests that philosophy of education should consider some de-medicalisation of the notion of pandemics.

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“…Its importance rests both on its size – it is the most substantial Galenic commentary on any Hippocratic text – and, through the medium of translation, its impact on the history of medicine, both in the Islamic world and beyond. 11 In his extensive remarks, Galen speaks not only as a practising physician, but also an accomplished philologist.…”

Section: ḥUnayn On Translation and Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

In the Translator's Workshop

Vagelpohl

2011

Arabic Sciences and Philosophy

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Abstract. Ḣ unayn ibn Isḣ āq's Arabic translation of Galen's commentary on the Hippocratic Epidemics is an invaluable source for our knowledge of Galenic medicine and its transmission history, not least because much of it is extant only in Arabic. Its importance for the Arabic medical tradition is amply attested in the later medical literature. It also tells us much about the methods and self-image of contemporary translators. Throughout the translation, we find remarks by Ḣ unayn discussing the quality of his source text, his own interpretation and also his attempts to reconstruct problematic or damaged passages. Based on an edition of these notes, their analysis and comparison to similar texts and Galen's own thought on editing and interpreting difficult medical texts, this article aims to situate Ḣ unayn's methods in the context of the Greek-Arabic translation movement. It argues that his approach differs in important respects from that of preceding Greek-Arabic and Greek-Syriac translators and that he was indebted to Galen not just as a physician, but also as a translator and exegete.Résumé. La traduction arabe de Ḣ unayn ibn Isḣ āq du commentaire de Galien sur les Épidémies d'Hippocrate est une source d'importance capitale pour notre connaissance de la médecine galénique et de son histoire de transmission, notamment parce que la majeure partie n'est conservée qu'en arabe. Son importance pour la tradition médicale arabe est amplement attestée dans la littérature médicale postérieure. En plus, elle nous apprend beaucoup sur les méthodes et l'image de soi des traducteurs contemporains. Tout au long de la traduction, nous trouvons des annotations de Ḣ unayn dans lesquels il parle de la qualité de son texte, de sa propre interprétation et de ses tentatives de reconstituer des passages problématiques ou endommagés. En s'appuyant sur une édition de ces notes, sur leur analyse et en les comparant à des textes similaires et à la pensée de Galien sur l'édition et l'interprétation des textes médicaux difficiles, cet article vise à situer les méthodes de Ḣ unayn dans le contexte de l'histoire des traductions gréco-arabes. Il fait valoir que son approche est différente à bien des égards de celle des traducteurs gréco-arabes et gréco-syriaques précédents et qu'il était redevable à Galien non seulement en tant que médecin, mais aussi en tant que traducteur et exégète.

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CASE NOTES AND CLINICIANS: GALEN’S COMMENTARY ON THE HIPPOCRATIC EPIDEMICS IN THE ARABIC TRADITION*

Cited by 34 publications

References 2 publications

Al-Masā‘il fī al-tibb: Ḥunain ibn Isḥāq’s historic medical text with a distinctive style of Islamic medical education

Al-Masā‘il fī al-tibb: Ḥunain ibn Isḥāq’s historic medical text with a distinctive style of Islamic medical education

Philosophy of Education in Times of Crises and Pandemics

In the Translator's Workshop

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