Case Study 2: Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

Frieß, Johannes L.; Breckling, Broder; Pascher, Kathrin; Schröder, Winfried

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-38934-5_5

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Weedy forms of B. napus, B. rapa and B. oleracea also exist, e. g. oilseed rape has some wild (or weedy) plant characteristics, such as seed shedding and long secondary dormancy of the seeds in the soil. Although weedy oilseed rape is predominantly found on arable land, ruderal (feral) populations can persist over longer periods of time (Pascher et al, 2010(Pascher et al, , 2017Banks, 2014): they have been found, for example, in various European countries (see, amongst others, (SCRI, 2004;Squire et al, 2011;Frieß et al, 2020)).…”

Section: Weedy Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Risk Assessment Scenarios of Specific NGT Applications in <em>Brassicaceae</em> Oilseed Plants

Koller,

Cieslak,

Bauer-Panskus

2024

Preprint

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Oilseed plants of the Brassicaceae plant family are cultivated for food, feed and industrial purposes on large-scale in Europe. This review gives an overview of current market-oriented applications of new genomic techniques (NGTs) in relevant Brassicaceae oilseed crops based on a literature survey. In this respect, changes in oil quality, yield, growth and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress are goals in oilseed rape (B. napus) and camelina (C. sativa). Environmental risk assessment scenarios are developed for specific NGT applications in Brassicaceae oilseed crops with either a changed oil composition or with fitness related traits. In case of a changed oil composition an increase or decrease of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) demonstrates risks for health and survival of pollinators. In case of fitness related traits other risks were identified, i. e. an increased risk of spread and persistence of NGT plants. Furthermore, there are indications for potential disturbance of interactions with the environment, involving signalling pathways and reaction to stress conditions. It is shown that for a comprehensive risk assessment the technological potential of NGTs, the plants’ biology and the scale of releases have to be considered in combination. Therefore, the release of NGT plants into the environment for agricultural purposes will require risk assessment and monitoring of single traits as well as of combinatorial and long-term cumulative effects. In addition, risk management should develop concepts and measures to control and potentially restrict the scale of releases. This is especially relevant for NGT Brassicaceae in Europe which is a centre of diversity of this plant family.

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Section: Weedy Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Risk Assessment Scenarios of Specific NGT Applications in <em>Brassicaceae</em> Oilseed Plants

Koller,

Cieslak,

Bauer-Panskus

2024

Preprint

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“…It has a number of wild relatives and is commonly found in Central Europe, which increases the chances of crossbreeding [ 30 , 33 ]. It can grow on both wasteland and cultivated land, forming persistent wild populations that can act as pollen donors and acceptors [ 31 , 32 ]. Most rapeseed plants beside the road have a high risk of spillage when seed sowing or harvesting equipment is transported, or when seeds are transported from fields or ports of import to processing facilities.…”

Section: Cases For the Unintentional Release Of Gm Rapeseed In Various Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Companies, government organizations, and port and road authorities should strengthen environmental monitoring and management, as well as put in place measures to prevent the spill, spread, and persistence of GM rapeseed near port regions. A number of studies have concluded that a mechanical or chemical control of roadside feral plants can be attained at a local scale [ 31 , 33 , 48 ], provided that monitoring systems are in place to detect where significant populations of feral rapeseed are present [ 32 , 112 , 113 ], and that can be an effective management strategy. In addition, as a successful coexistence measure, policies should be put in place to prevent the contamination of GM crops.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, there has been a widespread escape and survival of transgenic rapeseed on Canadian roadsides [ 17 , 29 , 30 ]. Since these reports, wild rapeseed populations containing a proportion of GM plants have been reported in the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Australia, Switzerland, Austria, Sweden, and Japan [ 31 , 32 ]. Among these countries, Canada, the United States, and Australia grow transgenic rapeseed, while the United Kingdom, France, Austria, Sweden, and Japan import but do not grow it, and Switzerland neither cultivates nor imports it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of the Unintentional Release of Feral Genetically Modified Rapeseed into the Environment

Sohn

Subramanian

et al. 2021

Biology

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Globally, the cultivation area of genetically modified (GM) crops is increasing dramatically. Despite their well-known benefits, they may also pose many risks to agriculture and the environment. Among the various GM crops, GM rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is widely cultivated, mainly for oil production. At the same time, B. napus possesses a number of characteristics, including the ability to form feral populations and act as small-seeded weeds, and has a high potential for hybridization with other species. In this review, we provide an overview of the commercialization, approval status, and cultivation of GM rapeseed, as well as the status of the feral rapeseed populations. In addition, we highlight the case studies on the unintentional environmental release of GM rapeseed during transportation in several countries. Previous studies suggest that the main reason for the unintentional release is seed spillage during transport/importing of rapeseed in both GM rapeseed-cultivating and -non-cultivating countries. Despite the fact that incidents of unintentional release have been recorded often, there have been no reports of serious detrimental consequences. However, since rapeseed has a high potential for hybridization, the possibilities of gene flow within the genus, especially with B. rapa, are relatively significant, and considering their weedy properties, effective management methods are needed. Hence, we recommend that specific programs be used for the effective monitoring of environmental releases of GM rapeseed as well as management to avoid environmental and agricultural perturbations.

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“…One of the most important oilseed crops that affects by salinity soil is canola (Brassica napus L). Canadian Scientists were the first created an edible version of the rapeseed plant [4][5][6]. It contains various nutrients and its low saturated oil about 7% is safe to consume by humans [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Gamma Irradiation, Salinity and Nano-Fertilizer on the Biological Parameters of Brassica napus L. Cultivated in Iraq

Atiyah,

Mouhamad,

Al-Khafaji

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Canola (Brassica napus L) is currently one of the most significant oily seeds. It has a variety of nutrients, and its oil is safe for people to ingest as well as medicinal properties that help to relieve the symptoms of a variety of disorders. Soil salinity is one of the major issues of decreasing canola crop productivity that correlated with declines in the photosynthetic potential, since salt levels that are damaging to crop growth affect large terrestrial regions around the world are seriously impaired by soil salinity this research focused on the capability of canola seeds to grow under saline environment before and after gamma irradiation. Also, the most recent study intended to employ nano-fertilizer in Iraq and characterize its influence on the chemical makeup of canola seeds. Simple technique employed as a tissue culture using ground water with different EC. Seeds treated by two gamma irradiation dose and grown over cotton irrigated with salty water. Field experiment was carried out in Al-zafraniya station in Baghdad, Iraq, to investigate the effect of khazra iron nano chelate fertilizer foliar application on one rapeseed variety for increasing yield and yield components. The native local variety pactol was more reliable than olifera var at germination rate, plant high, number of leave and root. Irradiation negatively affects the biological parameter of Canola seeds with capablity to germinate and developed. Percentage of fatty acids significantly differed between fertilizer treatments. The myristic (C14:0) ranged from 0.1±0.012 to 0.14±0.011, Palmitic (16:0) from 3.6±0.024 to 3.91±0.029, 3.91±0.029 from 1.5±0.11 to 1.7±0.012, Arachidic (20:0) from 0.6±0.038 to 0.84±0.065, Behenic (22:0) range from 0.3±0.0028 to 0.41±0.032, Lignoceric (24:0) from 0.2±0.012 to 0.27±0.018, Palmitoleic (16:1) from 0.2±0.010 to 0.26±0.0021, Oleic (18:1) from 61.6±5.78 to 67.8±5.91, 67.8±5.91 from 1.4±0.13 to 1.64±0.15, Erucic (22:1) from 0.2±0.014 to 0.23±0.019, Linoleic (18:2n-6) from 21.7±3.1 to 23.4±3.7, Alpha Linolenic (18:3n3) from 9.6±0.87 to 10.1±2.8, Total Saturated from 6.3±5.4 to 6.8±4.9, Total MUFA was in the rangier from 62.4±7.1 to 64.5±7.1 and Total PUFA range from 31.3±4.1 to 37.4±5.1 for conventional canola and nano canola oils respectively.

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Case Study 2: Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

Cited by 5 publications

References 109 publications

Environmental Risk Assessment Scenarios of Specific NGT Applications in <em>Brassicaceae</em> Oilseed Plants

Environmental Risk Assessment Scenarios of Specific NGT Applications in <em>Brassicaceae</em> Oilseed Plants

A Review of the Unintentional Release of Feral Genetically Modified Rapeseed into the Environment

The Effect of Gamma Irradiation, Salinity and Nano-Fertilizer on the Biological Parameters of Brassica napus L. Cultivated in Iraq

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