Cassava improvement in Africa

Hahn, S. K.; Terry, Elein; Leuschner, K.; Akobundu, I. O.; Okali, C.; Lal, Rattan

doi:10.1016/0378-4290(79)90024-8

Cited by 82 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The carbohydrate content was highest. Literature shows cassava to consist of mostly carbohydrates and is poor in proteins [1,3,11]. In product development, concern should not focus only on the acceptability of the product but should strive to attain nutritional excellence of such a product, through blending with other foods that are nutrient-dense.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improvement and popularization of diversified cassava products for income generating and food security: a case study of Kibabu

Laswai

Silayo²,

Mpagalile³

et al. 2006

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development

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Kibabu is a traditional, plain, deep fried cassava product prepared from cassava paste. It was noticed in Muheza district, Tanzania, to be nutrient-deficient as it was prepared from plain cassava that was only mixed with onions, and then deep fried. There was also room to improve its acceptability for wider dissemination. A study was conducted to improve nutrient content and palatability of traditional kibabu, using 80 % cassava and other staple mixture and 20 % onion-garlic (flavour improver). Laboratory analysis and sensory evaluation were conducted on kibabu from each of the formulations. Results showed that use of groundnuts and soybeans improved the nutritive value. Incorporation of coconut in the formulation improved palatability of kibabu significantly (P < 0.05). Plain cassava kibabu was poor in nutrients and rich in energy but once blended with groundnuts or soybean, the nutrient content improved greatly. The dry matter of the formulated product ranged from 70.36 to 90.34 %. On dry weight basis, the nutrient content was as follows: crude protein, 1.21-19.69 %; fat, 6.74 -41.51 % and ash content, 1.96 -12.45 %. The fibre content ranged from 5.46 -25.85 %, with coconut contributing most to this increase. The improvement resulting from blending with coconut was not outstanding except for fat and protein but palatability improved significantly (P < 0.05). Incorporation of high levels of soybean in the formulation, although it increased the protein content greatly, it introduced the bean flavour that significantly lowered (P < 0.05) the acceptability of the resulting kibabu. Being a food security crop that could benefit many households in the country, both as food and income source, diversification of uses of cassava is essential. There is therefore, need to promote these paste products for use as snack foods for adults and children, and for income generation. However, care should be taken on nutrient status if kibabu is intended for child feeding. Popularization and promotion work need to target areas that use cassava within and outside the study districts.Key Words: Cassava, paste products, kibabu, acceptability L'amélioration découlant du mélange de la noix de coco n'était pas remarquable, à l'exception des graisses et des protéines, mais la palatabilité s'est améliorée considérablement (P < 0,05). Non seulement l'incorporation de niveaux élevés de soja dans la formulation a augmenté énormément la teneur en protéines, mais elle a également introduit une saveur de graine qui a sensiblement baissé (P < 0,05) l'acceptabilité du kibabu qui en a résulté. Le kibabu étant un aliment présentant une sécurité alimentaire qui pourrait bénéficier à de nombreux ménages dans le pays, aussi bien en tant qu'aliment qu'en tant que source de revenus, la diversification des utilisations est essentielle. Il faut donc promouvoir ces produits en pâte pour qu'ils soient utilisés comme casse-croûte pour les adultes et pour les enfants et aussi pour la génération de revenus. Néanmoins, il faudrait faire attention à la ten...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This crop is bulky and highly perishable, but is available all year round thus contributing to food security. Its high energy content helps in minimizing incidences of energy malnutrition [3]. The cyanide problem inherent in the roots can be eliminated by proper processing [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement and popularization of diversified cassava products for income generating and food security: a case study of Kibabu

Laswai

Silayo²,

Mpagalile³

et al. 2006

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development

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“…Sixty seedlings randomly selected from each cross were grown separately in the field to produce F 1 tubers. The selected seedlings were grown separately in the field during the long rain season of 2013, without replications (Hahn et al, 1979;Ceballos et al, 2004).…”

Section: F 1 Seedlings Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining ability analysis of yield and late blight [Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary] resistance of potato germplasm in Rwanda

Muhinyuza¹,

Shimelis²,

Melis³

et al. 2016

Aust J Crop Sci

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Designed crosses among complementary parents and combining ability analysis are essential to recombine traits of economic importance and to select novel genotypes. The objective of this study was to estimate combining ability effects for yield and yield related traits and late blight resistance in potato. Crosses were performed using a 10 × 10 half diallel mating design to generate 45 F 1 s. Only 28 families with sufficient individuals and eight parents were field evaluated in experiments laid out in a 6 × 6 lattice design with two replications across two sites (Kinigi and Nyamagabe) in Rwanda. Late blight resistance was estimated using the relative area under the disease progress curve (rAUDPC: 100 % max). Furthermore, data on total tuber yield, total tuber number, and average tuber weight were collected and subjected to combining ability analyses. Results showed that additive gene action and nonadditive gene action were present affecting yield and late blight resistance in potato. Additive gene action was predominant over nonadditive gene action for both traits. All the families selected for further evaluation showed improved levels of late blight resistance and high yields. The study identified ten top families with high tuber yield and resistance to late blight for further evaluation and release.

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“…Whether the two types of resistance to CBB act in the same way or are controlled by the same alleles is still unknown. Resistance from both sources is thought to be polygenic and additively inherited, with narrow-sense heritability ranging from 25% to 65% (Hahn et al 1979; The difference between resistant and susceptible varieties is expressed as a variation in the rate of Xam colonization and penetration of vascular tissues. For this reason, resistance is usually considered to be quantitative (Kpémoua 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these disease control measures have not been fully adopted in traditional cassava-producing regions, making host-plant resistance the preferred method of control ). (Hahn et al 1979;CUT 1981). Whether the two types of resistance to CBB act in the same way or are controlled by the same alleles is still unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic mapping of resistance to bacterial blight disease in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Jorge¹,

Fregene²,

Duque³

et al. 2000

Theor Appl Genet

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Cassava bacterial blight (CBB), caused by Xanthoinonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam), is a major disease of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Africa and South America. Planting resistant varieties is the preferred method of disease control. Recent genetic mapping of an F, cross (TMS 30572 x CM 2177-2) led to the construction of the first molecular genetic map of cassava. To better understand the genetics of resistance to CBB, we evaluated individuals of the F, cross for CBB resistance by controlled greenhouse inoculations and visually assessed symptoms on days 7, 15, and 30 days after inoculation, using a scale where O = no disease and 5 = maximum susceptibility. Five Xam strains were used: CIO-84, CIO-1, CIO-136, CIO-295, and ORST X-27. Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was used as a quantitative measure of resistance in QTL analysis by single-marker regression. Based on the AUDPC values, eight QTLs (quantitative trait loci), located on linkage groups B, D, L, N, and X of the femalederived framework map, were found to explain 9-20% of the phenotypic variance of the crop's response to the five Xain strains. With the male-derived framework map, four QTLs on linkage groups G and C explained 10.7-27.1% of the variance. A scheme to confirm the usefulness of these markers in evaluating segregating populations for resistance to CBB is proposed.

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Cassava improvement in Africa

Cited by 82 publications

References 9 publications

Improvement and popularization of diversified cassava products for income generating and food security: a case study of Kibabu

Improvement and popularization of diversified cassava products for income generating and food security: a case study of Kibabu

Combining ability analysis of yield and late blight [Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary] resistance of potato germplasm in Rwanda

Genetic mapping of resistance to bacterial blight disease in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

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