Castleman disease versus lymphoma in neck lymph nodes: a comparative study using contrast-enhanced CT

Abstract

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine the contrast-enhanced CT characteristics for differentiating between Castleman disease (CD) and lymphoma in neck lymph nodes.MethodsThis retrospective study evaluated the number (solitary or multiple), strength of contrast-enhancement, type of contrast-enhancement, surrounding vessels, contrast-enhanced Hounsfield unit (HU) values, and anatomical distributions of lymph nodes in 34 patients with confirmed CD and 55 patients with newly diagnosed untreated lymphoma. Independent t-tests, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and chi-square tests were used to evaluate the variables and CT features.ResultsSeveral significant differences were found between CD and lymphoma. The interval between first contrast-enhanced CT and biopsy/surgery was significantly longer in the CD group (mean 72 ± 105 days, median 60 days) than in the lymphoma patients (mean 30 ± 2 days, median 12 days; p = 0.015). The lymphoma patients presented significantly more often with fatigue and fever (p = 0.023 and p = 0.016 respectively) than did the CD subjects. HU values of nodules after enhancement were significantly higher in the CD patients than in the lymphoma patients. In cases involving multiple lymph nodes, in all the CD cases, all affected nodes were located in only the left or right side of the neck, not bilaterally. ROC analysis showed a significant difference in contrast-enhanced CT attenuation values between lymphoma and CD (p < 0.001, area under the curve = 0.954), with a cut-off value of 92.5 HU. We constructed a decision tree according to these imaging characteristics.ConclusionsContrast-enhanced CT can be useful for differentiating between CD and lymphoma.

Prognostic value of pretreatment contrast-enhanced computed tomography in esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma: A multi-center follow-up study

“…Previous studies reported that TNM stage[ 1 , 3 , 6 , 19 ] and adjuvant therapy[ 8 , 12 , 13 ] of esophageal NEC were closely related to the risk of death in patients with esophageal NEC, which is partly consistent with our findings. Studies also confirmed that earlier clinical stage tends to yield better survival outcomes for esophageal NEC[ 8 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Castleman disease: A single-center case series

“…In terms of diagnostic tests, contrast-enhanced, whole-body computed tomography (CT) is the standard for CD diagnosis with a sensitivity and specificity of 89 % and 94 %, respectively [ [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] ]. The affected nodes in CD typically show homogenously intense contrast enhancement; however, this finding is nonspecific.…”

Spectrum of [18F]FDG-PET/CT Findings in Benign Lymph Node Pathology

“…Most studies cite the thorax, specifically the mediastinum, as the most commonly involved site in CD [ 64 , 65 ]. Less commonly, there is involvement of the neck, abdomen/pelvis, and axilla.…”

“…On CT, UCD manifests as a well-circumscribed solitary enlarged lymph node or multiple nodules [ 65 ]. The nodes are larger than those of MCD and can go on to form a solid mass.…”