Castor oil-based polyurethane nanocomposites reinforced with organically modified clay

Abstract

Polyurethane(PU) nanocomposites were prepared using high shear mixing from castor oil, 4,4 0 -diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and modified clay (Closite 30B) as filler. The synthesis was carried out in bulk and without catalyst in the presence of clay. The clay percentage was varied from 1% to 5% by weight of the nanocomposite. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy, wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, mechanical and water absorption properties. TEM and WAXD results confirmed exfoliation upto 3% clay in the nanocomposite. Hydrogen bonding between clay and PU matrix was reflected in FTIR. The Young's modulus improved more than 300% with addition of 4% clay but decreased further due to clay aggregation. The diffusivity and permeability decreased significantly for nanocomposites due to tortuous path offered by exfoliated clay platelets to diffusing water molecules.

Thermal Stability and Lubrication Properties of Biodegradable Castor Oil on AISI 4140 Steel

“…Figure 2 shows the FTIR spectra of Castor (a) and Reference (b) oil; each signal on the image shows its corresponding functional group. In the Castor oil spectrum (Figure 2a), the presented peaks coincide with those of reference spectrums for Castor Oil [16]. One of the most important signals that distinguish it from others vegetable oils is the broad peak at 3406 cm −1 that corresponds to the hydroxyl group (O-H) of the ricinoleic fatty acid.…”

“…Castor oil is a triglyceride and consists principally of esters of ricinoleic fatty acid [5,16]. On the other hand, the commercial oil employed in this investigation as a reference is a fully-formulated oil that consists mainly of mineral base stock, chlorinated paraffins, and additives.…”

Recent Advancement in Plant Oil Derived Polyol‐Based Polyurethane Foam for Future Perspective: A Review

“…It was observed that with increasing castor oil content into PUF composition rigidity increased. However, PUF derived from unmodified CO has a relatively low modulus, low thermal stability, and low flame‐retardant properties high curing time due to a secondary hydroxyl group and needs further modification . Recently, Hejna et al .…”

“…However, PUF derived from unmodified CO has a relatively low modulus, low thermal stability, and low flame-retardant properties high curing time due to a secondary hydroxyl group and needs further modification. [90][91][92] Recently, Hejna et al [93] reported a synthesis route for developing high hydroxyl content castor oil using transesterification with crude glycerol and the fabricated PUF showed better mechanical and thermal properties. Wang et al [94] synthesized PUF using blend polyol of CO and PEG.…”