Catalase production and sensitiveness to hydrogen peroxide amongst bacteria: With a scheme of classification based on these properties

M'Leod, J. W.; Gordon, J.

doi:10.1002/path.1700260304

Cited by 61 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In other words, a catalase-negative species, S. pneumoniae, is able to efficiently kill a catalase-positive species, H. influenzae, using H 2 O 2 . The level of catalase activity as measured by the ability to catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, however, varies widely from species to species, and H. influenzae seems to be an example of a catalase-positive organism with relatively low catalase activity as measured in vitro (7,33). H. influenzae possesses only one gene for catalase, unlike the other gram-negative species E. coli, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and Shigella flexneri, which produce two catalases (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory and Bactericidal Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide Production byStreptococcus pneumoniaeon Other Inhabitants of the Upper Respiratory Tract

et al. 2000

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An inverse correlation between colonization of the human nasopharynx by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, both common upper respiratory pathogens, has been reported. Studies were undertaken to determine if either of these organisms produces substances which inhibit growth of the other. Culture supernatants from S. pneumoniae inhibited growth of H. influenzae, whereas culture supernatants from H. influenzae had no effect on the growth of S. pneumoniae. Moreover, coculture of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae led to a rapid decrease in viable counts of H. influenzae. The addition of purified catalase prevented killing of H. influenzae in coculture experiments, suggesting that hydrogen peroxide may be responsible for this bactericidal activity. H. influenzae was killed by concentrations of hydrogen peroxide similar to that produced by S. pneumoniae. Hydrogen peroxide is produced by the pneumococcus through the action of pyruvate oxidase (SpxB) under conditions of aerobic growth. Both an spxB mutant and a naturally occurring variant of S. pneumoniae, which is downregulated in SpxB expression, were unable to kill H. influenzae. A catalase-reversible inhibitory effect of S. pneumoniae on the growth of the respiratory tract pathogens Moraxella catarrhalis and Neisseria meningitidis was also observed. Elevated hydrogen peroxide production, therefore, may be a means by which S. pneumoniae is able to inhibit a variety of competing organisms in the aerobic environment of the upper respiratory tract.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory and Bactericidal Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide Production byStreptococcus pneumoniaeon Other Inhabitants of the Upper Respiratory Tract

et al. 2000

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“…lH, 83, and 152) are not identical with those tested by the supporters of the bacteriocine hypothesis, we cannot definitely prove that our conclusion also applies to their strains. In view of the wide distribution of peroxide formers among group-A streptococci (McLeod and Gordon, 1923a;Fuller and Maxted, 1939;Rosebury, Gale and Taylor, 1954;Noble and Vosti, 1971 ; the table) and the fact that Kuttner (1966), Kolesnichenko (1967), Overturf and Mortimer (1970), Kolesnichenko and Totolyan (1971) and Totolyan and Kolesnichenko (1971) performed their tests under conditions that did not exclude the action of peroxide, the question of whether they really encountered bacteriocines remains open. In the studies of the aforementioned workers, the frequency of antagonistic strains among the total strains tested ranged from 50% to nearly 100%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriocine-Like Activity of Group-A Streptococci Due to the Production of Peroxide

Malke¹,

Starke²,

Jacob³

1974

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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PLATES XV AND XVIB A c T ER I o c I N ES represent a unique class of proteinaceous bactericidal substances that are produced by certain strains of bacteria and exhibit a narrow range of effectiveness against other strains of the same or closely related species (Nomura, 1967;Brandis and Smarda, 1971 ;Reeves, 1972). Besides those on which a great amount of work has been done, there are others that are still poorly characterised ; and there may even exist inhibitory phenomena that have mistakenly been attributed to the action of bacteriocines. The latter seems to be true of some antagonistic phenomena observed among group-A streptococci.Sherwood et al. (1949) were among the first to report on the inhibitory action of certain streptococcal strains of various serological groups on other strains of streptococci. They named the inhibitory substance " streptostasin " without relating it to the class of substances later called bacteriocines. More recently, several investigators (Kuttner, 1966 ;Kolesnichenko, 1967 ;Overturf and Mortimer, 1970;Kolesnichenko and Totolyan, 1971 ; Totolyan and Kolesnichenko, 197 1) have studied the production of antibacterial substances by group-A streptococci from the epidemiological point of view. These authors claimed that the inhibitory agents were bacteriocines, despite the fact that the respective substances had rather unusual properties. Thus, inhibitory activity was demonstrable on agar only when the producing and the indicator strain were growing actively. Cell-free filtrates or supernatant fluids from liquid cultures, as well as bacteria disintegrated by various means, were inactive; likewise, chloroformed cultures showed no activity. The inhibitory substances were insensitive to trypsin and were active against the homologous producer strain (Kuttner, 1966).In this paper we present evidence to show that there exist inhibitory phenomena among group-A streptococci that are attributable to the toxic action of hydrogen peroxide produced by the test strains rather than to bacteriocine production. MATERIALS AND METHODS Strains.Representative group-A streptococcal strains of many different serotypes and from various sources were used in this study.

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“…A thermostable peroxidase, having special characteristics, was, however, found to be present. McLeod and Gordon (7), in classifying bacteria according to sensitiveness to hydrogen peroxide, found the susceptibility of streptococci to be relatively high as compared with other aerobes, and there was also some difference between the strains of streptococci. Stevens (8) recently reported that irradiated cod liver oil and oil of pine are bactericidal for hemolytic streptococci.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bactericidal Action of Human Serum on Hemolytic Streptococci

Tillett

Stock

1937

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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In previous reports 1,2" results were presented which demonstrated that sera from patients acutely ill with different infections were capable of destroying hemolytic streptococci of the beta type. As measured by the methods which were employed for estimating the streptococcidal action, comparable tests performed with sera obtained from the same group of patients very soon after they had recovered, revealed the loss of the property responsible for the lethal effect. Furthermore, by the same technique, normal sera were found to be essentially devoid of streptococcidal action. In the selected patients whose sera were used in the studies, the findings indicated that the serological property responsible for the bactericidal action was evoked or greatly increased by acute infections but that when the stimulus of active disease was no longer present, the killing action of serum for hemolytic streptococci rapidly subsided in a few days to a minimal level characteristic of normal serum. It was noted, in addition, that the streptococcidal potency was greatest in samples of sera derived from patients with the most severe types of illness.The observations were made with three different strains of hemolytic streptococci which were selected for the investigation because they * John D.

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Catalase production and sensitiveness to hydrogen peroxide amongst bacteria: With a scheme of classification based on these properties

Cited by 61 publications

References 2 publications

Inhibitory and Bactericidal Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide Production byStreptococcus pneumoniaeon Other Inhabitants of the Upper Respiratory Tract

Inhibitory and Bactericidal Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide Production byStreptococcus pneumoniaeon Other Inhabitants of the Upper Respiratory Tract

Bacteriocine-Like Activity of Group-A Streptococci Due to the Production of Peroxide

The Bactericidal Action of Human Serum on Hemolytic Streptococci

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