Catálise assimétrica no Brasil: desenvolvimento e potencialidades para o avanço da indústria química brasileira

Abstract

Recebido em 11/7/13; aceito em 9/10/13; publicado na web em 24/10/13 ASYMMETRIC CATALYSIS IN BRAZIL: DEVELOPMENT AND POTENTIAL FOR ADVANCEMENT OF BRAZILIAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY. The preparation of enantiomerically pure or enriched substances is of fundamental importance to pharmaceutical, food, agrochemical, and cosmetics industries and involves a growing market of hundreds of billions of dollars. However, most chemical processes used for their production are not environmentally friendly because in most cases, stoichiometric amounts of chiral inductors are used and substantial waste is produced. In this context, asymmetric catalysis has emerged as an efficient tool for the synthesis of enantiomerically enriched compounds using chiral catalysts. More specifically, considering the current scenario in the Brazilian chemical industry, especially that of pharmaceuticals, the immediate prospect for the use of synthetic routes developed in Brazil in an enantioselective fashion or even the discovery of new drugs is practically null. Currently, the industrial production of drugs in Brazil is primarily focused on the production of generic drugs and is basically supported by imports of intermediates from China and India. In order to change this panorama and move forward toward the gradual incorporation of genuinely Brazilian synthetic routes, strong incentive policies, especially those related to continuous funding, will be needed. These incentives could be a breakthrough once we establish several research groups working in the area of organic synthesis and on the development and application of chiral organocatalysts and ligands in asymmetric catalysis, thus contributing to boost the development of the Brazilian chemical industry. Considering these circumstances, Brazil can benefit from this opportunity because we have a wide biodiversity and a large pool of natural resources that can be used as starting materials for the production of new chiral catalysts and are creating competence in asymmetric catalysis and related areas. This may decisively contribute to the growth of chemistry in our country.Keywords: asymmetric catalysis; chiral compounds; chiral catalyst. INTRODUÇÃOCom o objetivo de fomentar e contribuir na formulação de novas políticas de C&T, especialmente para a área de Química, apresentam--se, nesse artigo, diagnósticos, reflexões e discussões sobre a atual situação da área de Catálise Assimétrica no Brasil. Propõem-se, ainda, ações que permitam à Química do País contribuir para um futuro próspero, seguro e sustentável para sua população. A presente proposta está de acordo com os position papers "Química sem Fronteiras" da Química Nova, 1 nos temas centrais: Indústria Química e Inovação, nos setores farmoquímicos, agroquímicos e de alimentos. Enquadra-se, também, nos temas transversais, nos setores de inovação e agregação de valores.Durante as últimas décadas grandes esforços vêm sendo realizados no sentido de se estabelecer rotas enantiosseletivas para a preparação de substâncias enantiomericamente puras ou enriq...

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