Catalyst-free solvothermal synthesis of ultrapure elemental N- and B-doped graphene for energy storage application

Bhushan, Rebti; Kumar, Prashant; Thakur, Awalendra K.

doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2020.115371

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…17 acidification of MWCNTs in the third step to produce MWCNTs-O led to shortened CNT length, abrasion of the surface, and destruction of the CNTs' conjugation system. 18 On the other hand, the solvothermal approach proves its efficiency in producing several micro and nanomaterials, 19 including MOFs, 20 heteroatoms doped carbon allotropes, 21 and metal oxides (MO x ). 22 Although it is an effective method, the researchers did not use it to produce MWCNTs or MWCNTs-O, which will be our target here.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Hole Collectors in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

Elseman,

Al-Gamal

2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are known for their unique photoelectric and mechanical properties, but their manufacturing process often requires high thermal energy. This study presents a simple solvothermal method to produce multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) from acetyl ferrocene at a low temperature of 250 °C. The synthesized MWCNTs were fully characterized and elucidated through X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The MWCNTs were then incorporated into poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PE-DOT:PSS) at different weight ratios (2.5, 5, and 10%) as a hole transporter in perovskite solar cells. The results of UV−vis spectroscopy showed that MWCNTs/ PEDOT:PSS did not affect the photon transmission to the perovskite layer. Photoluminescent analysis for PEDOT:PSS and optimal MWCNTs significantly reduced light emission by 93.3% for 5% MWCNTs in PEDOT:PSS. The device with the optimized 5% MWCNTs/PEDOT:PSS hole collector achieved an efficiency of 18.09%, compared to 16.51% for pristine PEDOT:PSS. This work demonstrates a promising approach for enhancing the efficiency of inverted planar perovskite-based devices through the use of MWCNTs prepared at low temperatures using a simple solution process.

show abstract

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Hole Collectors in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

Elseman,

Al-Gamal

2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Due to the lack of sufficient charge carriers, and zero bandgap, in graphene the ON/OFF ratio exhibited was found to be negligible, and this hampers its prospect as an ideal candidate active layer for electronic chips. To overcome these limitations, doping of graphene lattice [ 21 – 23 ] and its hybridization [ 24 ] with various two/three-dimensional materials have been devised. However, parallelly, new 2D materials such as elemental atomic sheets also called Xenes such as borophene, phosphorene, Stannene, Germanene, etc.…”

Section: Introduction To 2d Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D materials: increscent quantum flatland with immense potential for applications

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Quantum flatland i.e., the family of two dimensional (2D) quantum materials has become increscent and has already encompassed elemental atomic sheets (Xenes), 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), 2D metal nitrides/carbides/carbonitrides (MXenes), 2D metal oxides, 2D metal phosphides, 2D metal halides, 2D mixed oxides, etc. and still new members are being explored. Owing to the occurrence of various structural phases of each 2D material and each exhibiting a unique electronic structure; bestows distinct physical and chemical properties. In the early years, world record electronic mobility and fractional quantum Hall effect of graphene attracted attention. Thanks to excellent electronic mobility, and extreme sensitivity of their electronic structures towards the adjacent environment, 2D materials have been employed as various ultrafast precision sensors such as gas/fire/light/strain sensors and in trace-level molecular detectors and disease diagnosis. 2D materials, their doped versions, and their hetero layers and hybrids have been successfully employed in electronic/photonic/optoelectronic/spintronic and straintronic chips. In recent times, quantum behavior such as the existence of a superconducting phase in moiré hetero layers, the feasibility of hyperbolic photonic metamaterials, mechanical metamaterials with negative Poisson ratio, and potential usage in second/third harmonic generation and electromagnetic shields, etc. have raised the expectations further. High surface area, excellent young’s moduli, and anchoring/coupling capability bolster hopes for their usage as nanofillers in polymers, glass, and soft metals. Even though lab-scale demonstrations have been showcased, large-scale applications such as solar cells, LEDs, flat panel displays, hybrid energy storage, catalysis (including water splitting and CO2 reduction), etc. will catch up. While new members of the flatland family will be invented, new methods of large-scale synthesis of defect-free crystals will be explored and novel applications will emerge, it is expected. Achieving a high level of in-plane doping in 2D materials without adding defects is a challenge to work on. Development of understanding of inter-layer coupling and its effects on electron injection/excited state electron transfer at the 2D-2D interfaces will lead to future generation heterolayer devices and sensors.

show abstract

“…Graphene − and its inorganic analogues Xenes such as borophene, − phosphorene, stanene, and germanene, 2D-gold, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), metal oxides (2DMOs), and MXenes (metal nitrides, carbides, and carbonitrides) due to their fascinating behavior have revolutionized materials science and technology where the corresponding bulk or nanomaterials do not compete with their 2D forms. − They have successfully been employed in excitonics, in molecular sensing, as oxidation-resistant laminates, as a laser shield, and in manipulation of single-photon emission. − Even though straining and hybridization have already been implemented to manipulate material properties, substitutional doping is the apt strategy to change the material intrinsically and irreversibly. − Bandgap engineering in 2D materials is essential to meet the needs of electronic, optoelectronic, spintronic, and straintronic chips, as they are mechanically flexible at a few monolayer thicknesses. , While graphene gets oxidized, molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) gets structurally degraded at elevated temperatures. Therefore, for high-temperature applications of these flexible, functional chips, one needs to explore 2D materials that can withstand high temperatures, keeping structural and chemical phase qualities intact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition Metal-Doped Boron Nitride Atomic Sheets with an Engineered Bandgap and Magnetization

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Controlled doping of flat atomic sheets of boron nitride (BN) can in principle break charge and spin symmetries. In contrast to graphene that oxidizes at >500 °C, due to its high melting point (ca. 2700 K) and the electrically insulating nature (E g ∼ 5.5 eV), BN presents strong material candidature for flexible magnetic memory chips that are functional even under fire. Here, we report the transition metal (Fe and Cr) doping of BN by microwave and solvothermal methods. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals ∼17% doping by microwave (800 W) and <11% doping by the solvothermal method. Cr or Fe doping brings the bandgap down to ∼3.6 or ∼2.0 eV, respectively, for the doped BN samples. Cr doping by microwave results in intrinsic ferromagnetic ordering evident from the high Curie point (∼380 K) in contrast to orbital-mediated magnetic ordering in solvothermal Cr-doped BN systems. Fe doping raises magnetization values in particular. Spin-polarized DFT band structure calculations suggest vivid spin asymmetry caused by doping, supporting our experimental findings on doped BN samples.

show abstract

Catalyst-free solvothermal synthesis of ultrapure elemental N- and B-doped graphene for energy storage application

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Hole Collectors in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Hole Collectors in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

2D materials: increscent quantum flatland with immense potential for applications

Transition Metal-Doped Boron Nitride Atomic Sheets with an Engineered Bandgap and Magnetization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About