Catalytic actions of alkaline salts in reactions between 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid and cellulose: II. Esterification

Self-assembly and β-carotene loading capacity of hydroxyethyl cellulose-graft-linoleic acid nanomicelles

“…Therefore, activators are essential in this reaction to improve the reactivity of carboxy groups. The commonly used activators are sodium hydroxide (Ji, Tang, Yan & Sun, 2015), 4-dimethyl aminopyridine (Lu, Li, Tang, Lu & Huang, 2015) (DMAP), pyridine, sulfuric acid and so on (Sealey, Samaranayake, Todd & Glasser, 1996), which are not safe for food applications and usually induce the degradation of cellulose. We used a commercially available nontoxic activator N,N-Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) in this reaction.…”

Cellulose-Cyclodextrin Co-Polymer for the Removal of Cyanotoxins on Water Sources

“…The main operational differences between these two approaches are temperature and grafting medium. In particular, epichlorohydrin modification occurs in water at a mild temperature of 65 °C, while the esterification Grafting of cellulose with cyclodextrin has been demonstrated by different chemical methodologies, most of them based on the generation of a covalent bond between the hydroxyl groups of both components using linkers such as epichlorohydrin to form ether bonds [19][20][21][22][23][24]; or with poly(carboxylic) acids to form ester bonds [25][26][27]; however other possibilities with organic solvents, such as dimethyl sulfoxide, have also been achieved successfully [28]. The main operational differences between these Polymers 2019, 11, 2075 3 of 19 two approaches are temperature and grafting medium.…”

Preparation and physicochemistry properties of smart edible films based on gelatin–starch nanoparticles

“…Polycarboxylic acid, such as 1,2,3,4‐butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA), is a very important monomer, which is used to synthesize polyimide materials. The dehydration product, 1,2,3,4‐butanetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (BTCAD), features two acid anhydride groups, each of which readily undergoes crosslinking reactions with functional groups such as isocyanate and hydroxyl . Kono and Fujita prepared superabsorbent hydrogels from native celluloses by esterification crosslinking with BTCAD.…”

“…The dehydration product, 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (BTCAD), features two acid anhydride groups, each of which readily undergoes crosslinking reactions with functional groups such as isocyanate and hydroxyl. 20,21 Kono and Fujita 22 prepared superabsorbent hydrogels from native celluloses by esterification crosslinking with BTCAD. Meanwhile, N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) active ester, as a newly crosslinker, has attracted extensive attention, mainly because of its characteristics of cytocompatibility, biocompatibility and availability.…”