Catalytic Application of a Novel Basic Alkane‐sulfonate Metal‐organic Frameworks in the Preparation of Pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidines via a Cooperative Vinylogous Anomeric‐based Oxidation

Abstract

In this paper, we have developed and introduced [Zr-UiO-66-PDC-(CH 2 ) 4 -SO 3 ] as a basic alkane-sulfonate metal-organic framework (MOF) catalyst. This catalyst was applied in the three-component reaction for the preparation of (mono, bis, tris and tetrakis) pyrido [2,3-d]pyrimidines by reaction of various 3-oxo-3-phenylpropanenitrile, 6-amino-1,3-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione and widespread of aldehydes with good to excellent yields under solvent-free at 110 °C. The last step of the reaction proceeded via a cooperative vinylogous anomericbased oxidation (CVABO) as one of the fundamental and basic stereoelectronic concepts.

Catalytic Application of Functionalized Bimetallic–Organic Frameworks with Phosphorous Acid Tags in the Synthesis of Pyrazolo[4,3-e]pyridines

“…Based on the concept of the modified strategy of MOFs in the design and synthesis of new catalysts in our group research, − we have presented a new porous catalyst based on bimetal–organic frameworks (bimetal–MOFs). In the following, phosphorous acid tags have been used to decorate the bimetallic–organic frameworks, which have created acidic sites for increasing their catalytic activity.…”

“…MOFs, in particular, are synthesized by combining metal clusters and organic compounds as nuclei and ligands, respectively. These materials offer unique properties and structures that make them highly attractive for various applications as catalysts, gas storage, and separation processes. − It is known that two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) porous structures have distinctive features such as tunable pore size, diverse structure, large surface area, and tunable chemistry. − Metal–organic frameworks are widely used in various fields such as gas separation, drug delivery, energy storage, and catalyst. − Also, the catalytic activities of metal–organic frameworks include photocatalysis, , asymmetric catalysis, , supramolecular catalysis, , oxidation of materials, biomass conversion, , electrocatalysis, , acidic and basic catalysis, − separation of toxic substances from different phases, medical, biological, sensors, and solar cells. , Metal–organic frameworks based on a combination of two metals have better stability and properties than single-metal MOFs. − The synergistic effect achieved by incorporating two metals in bimetallic MOFs can significantly enhance their catalytic activity. As a result, the synthesis of bimetallic MOFs has emerged as an attractive approach in this field, offering new avenues for exploration.…”

“…The postmodification method has been considered for designing various catalysts based on metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). In this method, MOFs are assembled and modified with various chemical reagents while their structure and network remain intact. − Our research groups have introduced a new category of acidic catalysts and/or reagents via a postmodification methodology for inserting phosphorous acid tags on the surface of metal–organic frameworks, − mesopores, , melamine, carbon quantum dots, , glycoluril, and uric acid . Phosphorous acid as a catalyst has been used for the oligomerization of light olefins, destructive alkylation of hydrocarbons, and organic synthesis .…”

Design, synthesis and application of a magnetic H-bond catalyst in the preparation of new nicotinonitriles via cooperative vinylogous anomeric-based oxidation

“…[36][37][38] Our research group has recently explored the application of AE to explain the activities of organic molecules. [39][40][41][42][43] Expanding the design of heterogeneous catalysts is one of the main goals of this report. The importance of magnetic nanoparticles-based catalysts has prompted us to introduce Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @tosyl-carboxamide as a new magnetic H-bond catalyst.…”

Application of Metal–Organic Frameworks with Sulfonic Acid Tags in the Synthesis of Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines via a Cooperative Vinylogous Anomeric-Based Oxidation

“…This concept explains the stereoelectronic interactions in the preparation of structures comprising a heteroatom. − The term anomeric-based oxidation (ABO) has been introduced for the formation of final products from susceptible intermediates via sharing lone pair electrons of nitrogen atoms with the anti-bonding orbitals of the C–H bond ( n N → σ* C–H ). − This concept has been used as a novel strategy for the oxidation of compounds in the absence of oxidizing agents. , Stereoelectronic effects also have a major role in the oxidation–reduction of susceptible biological compounds such as NADPH/NADP + (Figure ). Recently, the unique phrase “cooperative vinylogous anomeric-based oxidation” (CVABO) has been introduced for the synthesis of heterocycle compounds. − ,− …”