Catalytic effects of NaOH and Na2CO3 additives on alkali lignin pyrolysis and gasification

Guo, Daliang; Wu, Shubin; Liu, Bei; Yin, Xiuli; Yang, Qing

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.01.042

Cited by 121 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The formation of CO and CO 2 followed two steps. At first, the generation of CO and CO 2 was released between 500 s and 1500 s and was due to the cracking of ether bonds (Liu et al 2008;Guo et al 2012). Secondly, when the temperature reached 600ºC, the absorbance intensity of CO still existed; the evolutions of CO and CO 2 might be caused by the secondary cracking of volatiles.…”

Section: Ftir Analysis Of Evolved Volatilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bands at 2850-3200 cm -1 represented the existence of alkanes (Guo et al 2011). According to Guo et al (2012), alcohols were mainly released with cracking of the aromatic methoxyl groups and cinnamyl alcoholtype propanoid side chains; aldehydes and ketones were probably attributable to the C β -C γ cleavage of alkyl side chains with -CH 2 OH or -COOH groups in γ position. Meanwhile, phenols were primarily produced from the cleavage of the ether bonds between the lignin phenylpropane units, followed by cracking and reforming of the alkyl side chains of these units.…”

Section: Ftir Analysis Of Evolved Volatilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pyrolysis Characteristic of Tobacco Stem Studied by Py-GC/MS, TG-FTIR, and TG-MS

Liu¹,

Li²,

Wu³

et al. 2012

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Pyrolysis characteristics and mechanism of tobacco stem were studied by pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, and mass spectrometry (TG-FTIR and TG-MS) techniques. The composition of evolved volatiles from fast pyrolysis of tobacco stem was determined by Py-GC/MS analysis, and the evolution patterns of the major products were investigated by TG-FTIR and TG-MS. Py-GC/MS data indicated that furfural and phenol were the major products in low temperature pyrolysis, and these were generated from depolymerization of cellulose. Indene and naphthalene were the major products in high temperature pyrolysis. TG-FTIR and TG-MS results showed that CO, CO 2 , phenols, aldehydes, and ketones were released between 167ºC and 500ºC; at temperatures >500ºC, CO and CO 2 were the main gaseous products.

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Section: Ftir Analysis Of Evolved Volatilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ftir Analysis Of Evolved Volatilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis Characteristic of Tobacco Stem Studied by Py-GC/MS, TG-FTIR, and TG-MS

Liu¹,

Li²,

Wu³

et al. 2012

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“…According to Zhang et al [39], the water-soluble and NH4Ac-soluble sodium can react with the aluminosilicates and transform to HCl-soluble sodium. In addition, water-soluble sodium can react with organic structure and generate HCl-soluble sodium like (-CONa and -COONa) [40]. Since the aluminosilicate concentration in the residues of the coal is higher than in the residues of the biomass, increasing the biomass proportion in the mixed fuel will weaken the transformation, which makes the release of HCl-soluble sodium more significant.…”

Section: Ash Compositions and Fusion Temperature Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of alkali species release from a burning coal/biomass blend

Liu

Wang

et al. 2018

Applied Energy

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Solvent fractionation, Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and chemical analysis were applied to binary fuel mixtures of Zhundong coal and cornstalk agricultural class to investigate the release characteristics of alkali species during co-firing of coal and biomass. As the biomass proportion increases, the water-soluble, NH4Ac-soluble and HCl-soluble alkali species interconvert; the extent of the conversion depends on the composition of the blend. From LIBS measurements, it was found that adding the biomass accelerates combustion and outgassing processes.The higher the proportion of the biomass in the blend, the earlier the peak concentrations of alkali appear, and the magnitude of peak concentrations of sodium and potassium decrease and increase, respectively. Furthermore, the interaction between coal and biomass can generate crystals causing the eutectic melting phenomenon (similar to feldspar in XRD results), which results in a sharp decline of the ash fusion temperatures (AFTs). The results not only provide the information of fundamental transformation but also guide industrial co-firing applications of lignite and agricultural class biomass to reduce the risk of ash deposition.

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“…Lignin undergoes three consecutive stages including the evaporation of water, the formation of volatiles, and the release of gases (Liu et al 2008). The catalytic effect of additives on lignin pyrolysis and gasification via TG-FTIR has also been investigated (Guo et al 2012). Hence, TG-FTIR is now an effective and convenient method to follow the pyrolysis reactions of lignin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chemical Structure on Pyrolysis Behavior of Alcell Mild Acidolysis Lignin

Liu¹,

Liang²,

Wu³

et al. 2014

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In this study, two purified mild acidolysis lignins (MAL) extracted from triploid poplar, i.e., Alcell MAL and Alkali MAL, were compared. Some properties, including elemental contents, higher heating value (HHV), functional hydroxyl group compositions, and molecular weights, were tested to characterize the structure of these two MALs. The releasing laws of gases and the distribution of products were also investigated through the use of thermogravimetric Fourier transform infrared (TG-FTIR) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The results showed that both MALs had pyrolytic advantages, largely because of their unique chemical structures. However, although the species of volatiles from Alkali MAL were similar to those from Alcell MAL, the releasing temperature range for Alcell MAL was relatively narrow and the volatiles from it were concentrated. Among the fast pyrolytic products, phenols were the most abundant. The yield of 2,6-dimethoxy-4-(2-propenyl)phenol, which was the dominant product, was 25.66% for Alcell MAL and 20.77% for Alkali MAL, respectively. Overall, pyrolytic products from Alcell MAL were more enriched.

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Catalytic effects of NaOH and Na2CO3 additives on alkali lignin pyrolysis and gasification

Cited by 121 publications

References 40 publications

Pyrolysis Characteristic of Tobacco Stem Studied by Py-GC/MS, TG-FTIR, and TG-MS

Pyrolysis Characteristic of Tobacco Stem Studied by Py-GC/MS, TG-FTIR, and TG-MS

Characteristics of alkali species release from a burning coal/biomass blend

Effect of Chemical Structure on Pyrolysis Behavior of Alcell Mild Acidolysis Lignin

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