Catalytic graphitization of carbons by various metals

Ōya, Asao; Ōtani, Sugio

doi:10.1016/0008-6223(79)90020-4

Cited by 414 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The rest of weak peaks can be assigned to the inevitable formation of trace amount of Fe3C phase at high temperature. The presence of Fe3C phase implies that the formation of Fe@NCNTs may follow a "dissolution-precipitation" mechanism where metal carbide phase serves as the nucleation site for the growth of metal-filled CNTs [58]. XPS survey scan confirms the presence of Fe, C, N and O elements in Fe@NCNTs, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Long life rechargeable Li-O2 batteries enabled by enhanced charge transfer in nanocable-like Fe@N-doped carbon nanotube catalyst

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2017

Sci. China Mater.

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Rechargeable Li-O2 batteries have attracted considerable interests because of their exceptional energy density. However, the short lifetime still remained as one of the bottle-neck obstacles for the practical application of rechargeable Li-O2 batteries. The development of efficient cathode catalyst is highly desirable to reduce the energy barrier of Li-O2 reaction and electrode failure. In this work, we report a facile strategy for the fabrication of a high-performance cathode catalyst for rechargeable Li-O2 batteries by the encapsulation of high content of active Fe nanorods into N-doped carbon nanotubes with high stability (denoted as Fe@NCNTs). First-principles calculations reveal that the synergistic charge transfer and redistribution between the interface of Fe nanorods, the CNT walls and the active N dopants greatly facilitate the chemisorption and subsequent dissociation of O2 molecules into the epoxy intermediates on the carbon surface, which benefits the uniform growth of nanosized discharge products on CNT surface and thus boosts the reversibility of Li-O2 reactions. As a result, the cathode with Fe@NCNT catalyst exhibits long cycling stability with high capacities (1000 mA h g −1 for 160 cycles and 600 mA h g −1 for 270 cycles). Based on the total mass of Fe@NCNTs + Li2O2, high gravimetric energy densities of 2120-2600 W h kg −1 can be achieved at the power densities of 50-795 W kg −1 .

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Long life rechargeable Li-O2 batteries enabled by enhanced charge transfer in nanocable-like Fe@N-doped carbon nanotube catalyst

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2017

Sci. China Mater.

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“…Or it can be related to the catalytic graphitization of carbon. In these reactions the metallic particles play roles of catalyst through the carbide formation-decomposition mechanism and/or the carbon dissolution-precipitation mechanism [17][18][19].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogenation of nanostructured graphite by mechanical grinding under hydrogen atmosphere

Kiyobayashi

Komiyama

Takeichi

et al. 2004

Materials Science and Engineering: B

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“…The formation of the vacant etch pits will be discussed in the discussion section. while the carbon content is unknown, because the solubility of carbon into iron is much higher than that into Co, Ni, and Pt [21]. Differently from the case of the Co, Ni, and Pt nanoparticles, the "iron carbide" particles may not easily form round-shaped particles even at 900°C, and they also bulged the etch pits probably due to the incorporation of both carbon, from the diamond, and ion particles surrounding them.…”

Section: [Fig 2]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic etching of {100}-oriented diamond coating with Fe, Co, Ni, and Pt nanoparticles under hydrogen

Ōhashi

Sugimoto

Takasu

2011

Diamond and Related Materials

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Etching of a highly {100}-oriented diamond coating, {100}HODC, with hydrogen gas using Fe, Co, Ni, and Pt nanoparticles as a catalyst was examined at high temperatures over 700°C by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The metal atoms vacuum-evaporated onto the {100}HODC formed nanoparticles themselves when heated at high temperatures; e.g. 700°C, in a flowing gas mixture of H 2 (10%) + N 2 (90%). At 800°C, short nano-channels and etch pits holding metal nanoparticles were formed by Fe, Co, and Ni. The shapes of the Co and Ni nanoparticles in the etch pits were affected by the shape of the etch pits; reversed pyramidal shape. On the other hand, the top view of the Fe nanoparticles embedded in the etch pits showed a distorted round shape, probably due to the formation of something such as iron carbide, while the carbon content was unknown. Apparently, etching of the {100}HODC by Pt nanoparticles was observed after the treatment at 1000°C. The difference in the catalytic etching behavior among these metal particles, the potential etching mechanism of diamonds with hydrogen by metal nanoparticles, probably as melted metal nanoparticles, and the formation mechanism of vacant etch pits were discussed.2

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Catalytic graphitization of carbons by various metals

Cited by 414 publications

References 12 publications

Long life rechargeable Li-O2 batteries enabled by enhanced charge transfer in nanocable-like Fe@N-doped carbon nanotube catalyst

Long life rechargeable Li-O2 batteries enabled by enhanced charge transfer in nanocable-like Fe@N-doped carbon nanotube catalyst

Hydrogenation of nanostructured graphite by mechanical grinding under hydrogen atmosphere

Catalytic etching of {100}-oriented diamond coating with Fe, Co, Ni, and Pt nanoparticles under hydrogen

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