Catalytic hydrothermal deoxygenation of lipids and fatty acids to diesel-like hydrocarbons: a review

Abstract

This review summarizes the reactions, catalysts and influence factors in the hydrothermal deoxygenation of lipids and fatty acids to diesel-like hydrocarbons.

CuO@NiO Nanoparticles Derived from Metal–Organic Framework Precursors for the Deoxygenation of Fatty Acids

“…Hence, the exploitation of low-cost, non-noble-metal catalysts is becoming increasingly attractive. Notably, transition-metal oxides have demonstrated considerable ability in catalyzing fatty acid deoxygenation to green diesel due to their strong redox potential (the d-electron layer of the metal cations is susceptible to lose or gain electrons) . To further improve the activity and stability of transition-metal oxides, various catalyst structures have been developed, with metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) being an emerging one.…”

“…Notably, transition-metal oxides have demonstrated considerable ability in catalyzing fatty acid deoxygenation to green diesel due to their strong redox potential (the d-electron layer of the metal cations is susceptible to lose or gain electrons). 14 To further improve the activity and stability of transition-metal oxides, various catalyst structures have been developed, with metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) being an emerging one. MOFs are composed of metal nodes and organic ligands, and they possess large specific surface area, highly ordered structures, as well as various pores and unsaturated metal sites.…”

Selective hydroconversion of coconut oil-derived lauric acid to alcohol and aliphatic alkane over MoOx-modified Ru catalysts under mild conditions

“…The importance of H 2 O media in the catalytic hydrothermal deoxygenation (330 C) of fatty acids had been noticed to improve the yield of alipathic alkanes in the presence of supported PGM catalysts. 2,58,59 Moreover, under hydrothermal conditions, the presence of molecular water promoted the HDCO 2 reaction generating less one carbon of aliphatic alkanes and CO 2 as side product. 60 In our reaction system, the presence of external H 2 prevent the decarboxylation reaction and allow the hydroconversion of lauric acid under milder reaction conditions.…”

“…The catalytic hydroconversion of fatty acids and their esters into fatty alcohols and aliphatic alkanes is receiving increased attention in the context of upgrading of bio-based feedstocks by using heterogeneous mono-or bi-metallic catalysts. [1][2][3][4] Both fatty alcohols and aliphatic alkanes are basic building blocks in organic synthesis, living organisms, energy, fuels, surfactants, lubricants, plasticizers, coatings, polymers, and the materials industry. 5,6 The catalytic hydroconversion of fatty acids can be classied into three reactions: hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), hydrodecarbonylation (HDCO), and hydrodecarboxylation (HDCO 2 ), and a number of comprehensive reviews have been reported in the last decade.…”

Catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction of Scenedesmus sp. biomass integrated with dark-fermentation: biocrude and low-carbon fuel production in a biorefinery approach

“…6,7 The conversion of biomass to chemicals and fuels is a potential strategy for resource valorization in the context of biorefineries. 8–10 Most of the research is focused on agro and lignocellulosic biomass. 11 Recently, microalgae have emerged as a third-generation biomass due to their higher energy density, virtuous CO 2 fixation rates, photosynthetic efficiency, biomass yield, low land occupation, and wastewater as substrates.…”