Catalytic performance of NiFe2O4 and Ni0.3Zn0.7Fe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles during biodiesel production

Transesterification reaction for biodiesel production from soybean oil using Ni 0. 5 Zn 0 . 5 Fe 2 O 4 nanomagnetic catalyst: Kinetic study

“…For biodiesel production, the chemicals used were: Methanol—CH 3 OH (purity, 99%) supplied by Sigma‐Aldrich and soybean oil refined was purchased in Campina Grande/Brazil. The physic‐chemical properties result of soybean oil refined was previously published 13 …”

“…In TPD‐NH 3 studies, the catalyst was subjected to a heating under temperature and flow schedule of an inert gas before equilibrated with a gas under well‐defined temperature and partial pressure conditions. The flow gas that flows out on the sample is monitored by the continuous gas desorption 13 …”

“…In addition, heterogeneous catalysts become even more advantageous when they are spinel‐type, since they allow a great cationic mobility, where their original crystalline structure may have substitution of chemical elements for other elements of same structure, that are similar in terms of electronegativity, valence, and radius size 12 . Most recently spinels such as NiFe 2 O 4 , 13 Ni 0.3 Zn 0.7 Fe 2 O 4 , 13 CoFe 2 O 4 , 14 ZnFe 2 O 4, 15 Ni 0.5‐x Cu 0.5‐x Zn 0.5 Fe 2 O 4 , 12 Ni 0.7 Zn 0.3 Fe 2 O 4 , 16 have been used in the biodiesel production. However, the spinel ferrites can present support for the catalyst of biodiesel production due of their excellent properties such as large surface area and high thermal resistance.…”

“…The method of synthesis plays a principal role in physicochemical properties of nanomagnetic catalyst obtained 9,13,17 . However, in order to produce these materials, various chemical methods of preparation have been reported as follow; solid‐state reaction, 18 solid‐state reaction by microwave, 19,20 sonochemical process, 21 precursor citrate, 22 precipitation, 23 sol‐gel, 24 co‐precipitation, 25 and combustion reaction 12,13,17 . From the literature among the aforementioned chemical techniques, combustion technique has more advantages such as simplicity and short time required to produce a catalyst with a higher porosity 9,26‐28 .…”

Biodiesel Production Using Solid Acid Catalysts Based on Metal Oxides

“…The catalysts were used to convert soybean oil into biodiesel. A biodiesel yield of 94% was obtained with Ni 0.3 Zn 0.7 Fe 2 O 4 and a yield of 49% was obtained with NiFe 2 O 4 [100].…”