Catalytic pyrolysis of crude glycerol over shaped ZSM-5/bentonite catalysts for bio-BTX synthesis

Catalytic Cracking of Biodiesel Waste Using Metal Supported SBA-15 Mesoporous Catalysts

“…Therefore, several researches have tried to reduce the gas phase production in order to enhance the yield of desired liquid compounds. The association of ZSM-5 and bentonite catalysts could decrease the production of the gaseous fraction via decarboxylation and decarbonylation reactions, giving a high yield of the liquid fraction [26]. As seen in this work, both types of products were observed and the product amount depended on the type of the starting material.…”

“…propene, but the Pd-SBA-15 catalyst still gave CO as the major gas product at around 14% (Figure 4c), which is from the decarbonylation of glycerol and MONG [26]. In this study, the distribution of the volatile liquid phases was selective for 1-hydroxy-2-propanone and 2-propen-1-ol for all of the catalysts when using the pure glycerol.…”

“…However, the high acidity mesoporous ZSM-5 material exhibited the best performance for acrolein formation (70% selectivity) from glycerol dehydration [15]. The combination of ZSM-5 and bentonite was used as a catalyst in the ex situ catalytic pyrolysis of crude glycerol for the synthesis of bio-based benzene, toluene and xylenes [26]. Additionally, activated carbon was investigated as a catalyst for glycerol pyrolysis using microwave heating, where the carbonaceous catalyst improved the H 2 selectivity at a high reaction temperature, ensuring a high proportion of gaseous products [6].…”

An improved catalytic pyrolysis concept for renewable aromatics from biomass involving a recycling strategy for co-produced polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

“…The composition of crude glycerol used is summarized in Table S1 in the ESI. † 36 The initial pyrolysis step was conducted at 520°C, followed by catalytic upgrading of the pyrolysis vapours in a packed bed reactor operated at 536°C containing a shaped H-ZSM-5/bentonite (60/40) catalyst (200 g, 1-2 mm average particle size). The crude glycerol was converted to an oil phase (19.2 wt% on feed intake, consisting of mainly monocyclic and polycyclic aromatics) and an aqueous phase (25.3 wt%).…”

“…37 In the presence of a zeolite, the BTX formed by catalytic aromatization of PAH-derived products most likely originates from the alkyl chains of substituted higher aromatics present in the PAH fraction. 36 The catalytic pyrolysis of the PCA fraction produced a biooil in 77 wt% yield on feed, together with water (12 wt%), residual solids (1.3 wt%), and gas (2.3 wt%) (mass balance closure of 93%) (Fig. S5 †).…”