Catalytic Pyrolysis of Polyethylene and Polypropylene over Desilicated Beta and Al-MSU-F

Lee, Hyung Won; Park, Young-Kwon

doi:10.3390/catal8110501

Cited by 31 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Figure 1e and Fig. S14 (corresponding to Table S5 ) reveal that this new CO 2 -facilitated upcycling process gives a distinctly higher aromatics yield and BTX yield in comparison to previously reported processes for one-pot upcycling of polyolefins [ 16 , 20–22 , 27–29 ], even though the reaction temperature is lower than 300°C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

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CO2-facilitated upcycling of polyolefin plastics to aromatics at low temperature

Ding,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2024

National Science Review

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Plastics are one of the most produced synthetic materials and the largest commodities, used in numerous sectors of human life. To upcycle waste plastics into value-added chemicals is a global challenge. Despite significant progress in pyrolysis and hydrocracking which mainly leads to formation of pyrolysis oil, catalytic upcycling to value-added aromatics including benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) in one step is still limited by high reaction temperatures (> 500ºC) and a low yield. We report herein CO2 facilitated upcycling of polyolefins and their plastic products to aromatics below 300ºC, enabled by a bifunctional Pt/MnOx-ZSM-5 catalyst. ZSM-5 catalyzes cracking of polyolefins and aromatization, generating hydrogen at the same time while Pt/MnOx catalyzes the reaction of hydrogen with CO2, consequently driving the reaction towards aromatization. Isotope experiments reveal that 0.2 kg CO2 is consumed per 1.0 kg PE and 90% of the consumed CO2 is incorporated into the aromatic products. Furthermore, this new process yields 0.63 kg aromatics (BTX accounting for 60%), comparing favorably with the conventional pyrolysis or hydrocracking processes which produce only 0.33 kg aromatics. In this way, both plastic wastes and the greenhouse gas CO2 are turned into carbon resources, providing a new strategy for combined waste plastics upcycling and carbon utilization.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…(d) Product yields in the presence of H 2 , He and CO 2 at 300°C. (e) Aromatics yield in this work (denoted by red stars) in comparison to the previously reported values (black circles) for one-pot reactions [ 16 , 20–22 , 27–29 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

CO2-facilitated upcycling of polyolefin plastics to aromatics at low temperature

Ding,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2024

National Science Review

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“…These catalysts lead to lower yields of gases and higher yields of aliphatic liquid products. Furthermore, Lee and Park have used commercial Al-MSU-F and desilicated β-zeolite for the catalytic pyrolysis of PE and PP. These authors observed that the properties of the catalysts strongly affect the results obtained, as higher yields of light and aromatic products are attained with the desilicated β-zeolite.…”

Section: Fast Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Refinery: The Valorization of Waste Plastics and End-of-Life Tires in Refinery Units. A Review

et al. 2021

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This review collects a wide range of initiatives and results that expose the potential of the refineries to be converted into waste refineries. Thus, they will use their current units for the valorization of consumer society wastes (waste plastics and end-of-life tires in particular) that are manufactured with petroleum derivatives. The capacity, technological development, and versatility of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) and hydroprocessing units make them appropriate for achieving this goal. Polyolefinic plastics (polyethylene and polypropylene), the waxes obtained in their fast pyrolysis, and the tire pyrolysis oils can be cofed together with the current streams of the industrial units. Conventional refineries have the opportunity of operating as waste refineries cofeeding these alternative feeds and tailoring the properties of the fuels and raw materials produced to be adapted to commercial requirements within the oil economy frame. This strategy will contribute in a centralized and rational way to the recycling of the consumer society wastes on a large scale. Furthermore, the use of already existing and, especially, depreciated units for the production of fuels and raw materials (such as light olefins and aromatics) promotes the economy of the recycling process.

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“…The thermal decomposition of waste plastics can be accelerated with the use of appropriate catalysts. Zeolite, alumina, silica alumina, the FCC catalyst, the reforming catalyst and other catalysts are commonly employed in this process [4,[14][15][16][17]. Table 1 summarizes some of the most common catalysts used in polymer cracking reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Polypropylene Waste Recycling Products as Alternative Fuels through Non-Catalytic Thermal and Catalytic Hydrocracking Using Fresh and Spent Pt/Al2O3 and NiMo/Al2O3 Catalysts

Al-Iessa,

Al-Zaidi,

Almukhtar

et al. 2023

Energies

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In this work, the conversion of waste polypropylene to alternative fuels (liquid and gas) was performed through non-catalytic thermal and catalytic hydrocracking over NiMo/Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3 catalysts. The process was carried out in an autoclave batch reactor at a temperature of 450 °C and a pressure of 20 bar, which were selected based on experimental optimization. The spent catalyst was also successfully regenerated at 700 °C under a hot airflow. Experiments were conducted to determine the optimum conditions to completely separate the deactivated catalyst from the solid residue easily. The regenerated catalyst was reused to facilitate the economic cost reduction of the process. The reactivated catalysts have almost the same catalytic properties as the fresh catalysts; this was confirmed by several characterization techniques, such as TGA, XRD, SEM, EDX, BET and FTIR. The produced liquids/gases were quantified and classified into their fractions by the number of carbon atoms and gasoline to diesel ratio using GC/MS. The viscosity, density, API gravity, pour point and flash point of oil cuts were also investigated to evaluate the quality of the resulting liquid from the reactions. The NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst gave the highest liquid hydrocarbons yield of 86 wt%, while the highest weight products of gasoline range hydrocarbon fractions of 49.85 wt% were found over the Pt/Al2O3 catalyst. Almost the same catalytic behavior was found with the regenerated catalysts compared to the fresh catalysts. However, the highest gaseous products at 20.8 wt% were found in the non-catalytic thermal products with an increase in the diesel fuel range of 80.83 wt%. The kinetic model was implemented using six lumps and fifteen reactions, and the apparent activation energies for the gasoline and diesel fractions were calculated. In general, all primary and secondary reactions show greater activation energy values on the Pt/Al2O3 catalyst than on the NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst.

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Catalytic Pyrolysis of Polyethylene and Polypropylene over Desilicated Beta and Al-MSU-F

Cited by 31 publications

References 27 publications

CO2-facilitated upcycling of polyolefin plastics to aromatics at low temperature

CO2-facilitated upcycling of polyolefin plastics to aromatics at low temperature

Waste Refinery: The Valorization of Waste Plastics and End-of-Life Tires in Refinery Units. A Review

Optimization of Polypropylene Waste Recycling Products as Alternative Fuels through Non-Catalytic Thermal and Catalytic Hydrocracking Using Fresh and Spent Pt/Al2O3 and NiMo/Al2O3 Catalysts

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