Catalytic reduction of nitrate in water over Pd–Cu/TiO2 catalyst: Effect of the strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) on the catalytic activity

Nitrate reduction pathways on Cu single crystal surfaces: Effect of oxide and Cl−

“…[2; 8; 9] Nitrate reduction electrocatalysis is of interest in numerous contexts, but like the electrocatalysis associated with energy, such as that involving oxygen or CO 2 reduction, a detailed understanding of the interplay between the reactant, intermediates, and the substrate is required. Many metal surfaces have been investigated, with Cu representing one of the most active nitrate electrocatalysts available either alone [10; 11] or in combination with other materials [12][13][14][15] On copper surfaces in acidic media, nitrate reduction occurs through an eight electron reduction as shown in equation …”

Phase‐Dependent Stability and Substrate‐Induced Deactivation by Strong Metal‐Support Interaction of Ru/TiO2 Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of Levulinic Acid

“…[29,30] The mildest conditions we could find for such support reduction via SMSI with a Ru loaded TiO 2 (P25) catalyst were reported by Badyal et al, showing support reduction and metal nanoparticle overcoating after a gas phase H 2 treatment at 250°C for 2 h. [31] SMSI can exert different effects depending on the type of reaction. [31,32] For instance, it has been documented that SMSI formation in TiO 2 supported catalysts benefited activity in the hydrogenation of carbonyl groups toward alcohols, [33][34][35][36] nitrate reduction to nitrite [37] and photocatalytic bio-hydrogen production from glucose solution. [38] More often than not, however, the overcoat formed by the SMSI is considered detrimental for the activity of the metal phase and is best to be avoided.…”

Supported Pd–Cu Nanoparticles for Water Phase Reduction of Nitrates. Influence of the Support and of the pH Conditions

“…In the bimetallic nanoparticles, the BE of the main level Pd 3d5/2 appears at 334.7 eV (curve 5), but it is shifted by the interaction with the support in the case of the supported catalysts: Nanoparticle deposition onto TiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 leads to BEs of 335.4 and 335.6 eV, respectively, while the impregnation process leads to BEs of 335.1 and 335.5 eV for the same supports, respectively. These values are higher than the binding energy of metallic Pd 0 , but lower than that of Pd 2+ in PdO (336.2 eV) 26 and indicate the presence of palladium in the metallic state. A lowering BE is a sign of the electron transfer from the support to the metal by strong metal−support interactions (SMSI).…”

“…The XPS spectra of our used catalysts were in agreement with these findings (see section 3.1, Table 3). The higher activity of the Pd−Cu catalysts supported on TiO 2 (PCT-np and PCTimp) might be attributed to the more reduced state of the copper (due to electron transfer from the support to the 26 Considering the results obtained in terms of activity and selectivity, PCT-np was selected for further investigations.…”