“…In many public organisations, toxic behaviours are less accepted and potentially deteriorate leader-follower social interactions, which could cause detrimental effects to employees' well-being, attitude, and performance (Bansal and Malhotra, 2018;Gabriel, 2016;Vogel et al, 2016;Zaabi et al, 2018). Interestingly, while in many organisations, a leader's toxicity caused unpleasant experiences to employees (Pelletier, 2010), Reed and Bullis (2009) found no significant impact of supervisor's toxicity on follower's retention because the forces adopted unique military values, and they tended to tolerate toxic behaviours perpetrated by their supervisors.…”