Catechol‐<i>O</i>‐Methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met Polymorphism and Eating Disorders: Data From a New Biobank and Meta‐Analysis of Previously Published Studies

Collantoni, Enrico; Solmi, Marco; Gallicchio, Davide; Santonastaso, Paolo; Meneguzzo, Paolo; Carvalho, André F.; Stubbs, Brendon; Clementi, Maurizio; Pinato, Claudia; Forzan, Monica; Cassina, Matteo; Fontana, Francesca; Piva, I.; Siani, Roberta; Salvo, Pierandrea; Tenconi, Elena; Veronese, Nicola; Correll, Christoph U.; Favaro, Angela

doi:10.1002/erv.2555

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A total of 36 patients with acute AN and 36 healthy women (HW) were included in this study (age range, 15.54-40.52 years). Participants of the present study also participated in previous studies of our group (Favaro et al, 2012;Collantoni et al, 2016Collantoni et al, , 2017. Exclusion criteria for both the AN and the HW groups were male gender, pregnancy, active use of systemic steroids, bipolar disorder or schizophrenia spectrum disorder, major depression, active suicidality, moderate mental impairment (IQ < 60) or learning disabilities, history of substance/alcohol abuse or dependence, use of medications other than antidepressants, history of any serious neurological or medical illness, history of head trauma or injury with loss of consciousness, and known contraindications to conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shift Toward Randomness in Brain Networks of Patients With Anorexia Nervosa: The Role of Malnutrition

et al. 2021

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No study to date investigated structural white matter (WM) connectome characteristics in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). Previous research in AN found evidence of imbalances in global and regional connectomic brain architecture and highlighted a role of malnutrition in determining structural brain changes. The aim of our study was to explore the characteristics of the WM network architecture in a sample of patients with AN. Thirty-six patients with AN and 36 healthy women underwent magnetic resonance imaging to obtain a high-resolution three-dimensional T1-weighted anatomical image and a diffusion tensor imaging scan. Probabilistic tractography data were extracted and analyzed in their network properties through graph theory tools. In comparison to healthy women, patients with AN showed lower global network segregation (normalized clustering: p = 0.029), an imbalance between global network integration and segregation (i.e., lower small-worldness: p = 0.031), and the loss of some of the most integrative and influential hubs. Both clustering and small-worldness correlated with the lowest lifetime body mass index. A significant relationship was found between the average regional loss of cortical volume and changes in network properties of brain nodes: the more the difference in the cortical volume of brain areas, the more the increase in the centrality of corresponding nodes in the whole brain, and the decrease in clustering and efficiency of the nodes of parietal cortex. Our findings showed an unbalanced connectome wiring in AN patients, which seems to be influenced by malnutrition and loss of cortical volume. The role of this rearrangement in the maintenance and prognosis of AN and its reversibility with clinical improvement needs to be established by future studies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shift Toward Randomness in Brain Networks of Patients With Anorexia Nervosa: The Role of Malnutrition

et al. 2021

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“…Putative risk factors for EDs have been investigated, testing a wide range of environmental [29][30][31] and genetic factors [32,33]. A recent umbrella review of published meta-analyses, including 50 associations from nine meta-analyses, found evidence for childhood sexual abuse as a risk factor for BN and appearance-related teasing victimization for any ED [34].…”

Section: Eating Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents: The Bidirectional Link

et al. 2021

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Obesity, eating disorders and unhealthy dieting practices among children and adolescents are alarming health concerns due to their high prevalence and adverse effects on physical and psychosocial health. We present the evidence that eating disorders and obesity can be managed or prevented using the same interventions in the pediatric age. In the presence of obesity in the pediatric age, disordered eating behaviors are highly prevalent, increasing the risk of developing eating disorders. The most frequently observed in subjects with obesity are bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorders, both of which are characterized by abnormal eating or weight-control behaviors. Various are the mechanisms overlying the interaction including environmental and individual ones, and different are the approaches to reduce the consequences. Evidence-based treatments for obesity and eating disorders in childhood include as first line approaches weight loss with nutritional management and lifestyle modification via behavioral psychotherapy, as well as treatment of psychiatric comorbidities if those are not a consequence of the eating disorder. Drugs and bariatric surgery need to be used in extreme cases. Future research is necessary for early detection of risk factors for prevention, more precise elucidation of the mechanisms that underpin these problems and, finally, in the cases requiring therapeutic intervention, to provide tailored and timely treatment. Collective efforts between the fields are crucial for reducing the factors of health disparity and improving public health.

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“…[7][8][9] The fact that there is no clearly superior psychosocial intervention among a wide range of interventions for adults and adolescents with AN is also particularly concerning. 10 Despite the poor mechanistic knowledge of ED, an extensive body of literature has investigated putative risk factors for ED, testing a wide range of environmental [11][12][13][14][15] and genetic [16][17][18][19][20] risk factors. However, the contrasting results of individual studies are frequently not confirmed in meta-analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the poor mechanistic knowledge of ED, an extensive body of literature has investigated putative risk factors for ED, testing a wide range of environmental 11 - 15 and genetic 16 - 20 risk factors. However, the contrasting results of individual studies are frequently not confirmed in meta-analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for eating disorders: an umbrella review of published meta-analyses

Solmi

Raduà

Stubbs

et al. 2021

Braz. J. Psychiatry

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Objective: To grade the evidence about risk factors for eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder) with an umbrella review approach. Methods: This was a systematic review of observational studies on risk factors for eating disorders published in PubMed/PsycInfo/Embase until December 11th, 2019. We recalculated random-effect meta-analyses, heterogeneity, small-study effect, excess significance bias and 95% prediction intervals, grading significant evidence (p o 0.05) from convincing to weak according to established criteria. Quality was assessed with the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2) tool. Results: Of 2,197 meta-analyses, nine were included, providing evidence on 50 risk factors, 29,272 subjects with eating disorders, and 1,679,385 controls. Although no association was supported by convincing evidence, highly suggestive evidence supported the association between childhood sexual abuse and bulimia nervosa (k = 29, 1,103 cases with eating disorders, 8,496 controls, OR, 2.73, 95% CI 1.96-3.79, p = 2.1 x 10-9, AMSTAR-2 moderate quality) and between appearance-related teasing victimization and any eating disorder (k = 10, 1,341 cases with eating disorders, 3,295 controls, OR 2.91, 95%CI 2.05-4.12, p = 1.8x10-9, AMSTAR-2 moderate quality). Suggestive, weak, or no evidence supported 11, 29, and 8 associations, respectively. Conclusions: The most credible evidence indicates that early traumatic and stressful events are risk factors for eating disorders. Larger collaborative prospective cohort studies are needed to identify risk factors for eating disorders, particularly anorexia nervosa.

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Catechol‐O‐Methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met Polymorphism and Eating Disorders: Data From a New Biobank and Meta‐Analysis of Previously Published Studies

Abstract: Meta-analysing data results from 11 studies and 7225 subjects show that COMT Val158Met polymorphism is not associated with EDs. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.

Cited by 8 publications

References 39 publications

Shift Toward Randomness in Brain Networks of Patients With Anorexia Nervosa: The Role of Malnutrition

Shift Toward Randomness in Brain Networks of Patients With Anorexia Nervosa: The Role of Malnutrition

Obesity and Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents: The Bidirectional Link

Risk factors for eating disorders: an umbrella review of published meta-analyses

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