Categorical strategies based on subject characteristics of dietary restraint and physical activity, for weight maintenance

Vogels, N.; Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S.

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802984

Cited by 39 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In women who lost 10% of body weight, weight regain after 1 year was significantly associated with maximum lifetime weight or BMI [9]. A high baseline BMI, waist circumference or fat mass indicated a lower weight regain 1 year after weight loss by a very low-calorie diet (VLCD) as reported by Vogels and Westerterp-Plantenga [10]. Even after 2 years, a high baseline BMI and fat mass were still associated with <10% weight regain [11,12], which was confirmed in another study [13].…”

Section: Module 1: Energy Expenditure By Fat-free Massmentioning

confidence: 77%

Human Biology of Weight Maintenance after Weight Loss

Mariman

2012

Lifestyle Genomics

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One year after losing weight, most people have regained a significant part of the lost weight. As such, weight regain after weight loss has a negative impact on human health. The risk for weight regain is determined by psychosocial and behavioral factors as well as by various physiological and molecular parameters. Here, the latter intrinsic factors are reviewed and assembled into four functional modules, two related to the energy balance and two related to resistance against weight loss. Reported genetic factors do not reveal additional functional processes. The modules form nodes in a network describing the complex interactions of intrinsically determined weight maintenance. This network indicates that after an initial weight loss persons with a high baseline fat mass will most easily succeed in maintaining weight, because they can lose fat without raising stress in adipocytes and at the same time spare fat-free mass. However, continued weight loss and weight maintenance requires extra measures like increased physical activity, limited energy intake and a fat-free sparing composition of the diet. Eventually, this network may help to design novel therapeutic measures based on preventing the return effect of specific plasma factors or by preventing the accumulation of adipocyte cellular stress.

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Section: Module 1: Energy Expenditure By Fat-free Massmentioning

confidence: 77%

Human Biology of Weight Maintenance after Weight Loss

Mariman

2012

Lifestyle Genomics

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“…However, compliance to periods of very-low energy intake under free-living conditions has not been fully elucidated. Persistent hunger and requirements for daily adherence have been highlighted as reasons for poor compliance to diets (5,12) and could ultimately dictate long-term success. In the current study, the appetite hormone response to SER was not indicative of elevated appetite, but paradoxically, subjective appetite was increased and energy intake was w12% greater at lunch.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Persistent hunger is often cited as a reason for poor adherence to weight-management regimens (12), suggesting that long-term adherence and weight loss may depend on how that dietary intervention influences appetite. Ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) are gut hormones that may influence appetite to correct perturbations in energy balance (13,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of 24-h severe energy restriction on appetite regulation and ad libitum energy intake in lean men and women

Clayton

Burrell

Mynott

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background: Intermittent severe energy restriction (SER) can induce substantial weight loss, but the appetite regulatory responses to SER are unknown and may dictate long-term dietary adherence. Objective: We determined the effect of 24-h SER on appetite regulation, metabolism, and energy intake. Design: Eighteen lean men and women completed two 3-d trials in randomized, counterbalanced order. On day 1 subjects consumed standardized diets containing 100% (mean 6 SD: 9.3 6 1.3 MJ; energy balance) or 25% [2.3 6 0.3 MJ; energy restriction (ER)] of energy requirements. On day 2, a standardized breakfast was consumed, with plasma concentrations of acylated ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide 1, insulin, glucose, and nonesterified fatty acids determined for 4 h. Ad libitum energy intake was assessed at lunch and dinner with subjective appetite and resting metabolism assessed throughout. On day 3, ad libitum energy intake was assessed at breakfast and by weighed food records. Results: Energy intake was 7% greater on day 2 (P , 0.05) during ER but not significantly different on day 3 (P = 0.557). Subjective appetite was greater during ER on the morning of day 2 (P , 0.05) but was not significantly different thereafter (P . 0.145). During ER, postprandial concentrations of acylated ghrelin were lower (P , 0.05), whereas glucose (P , 0.05) and nonesterified fatty acids (P , 0.0001) were higher. Postprandial glucagon-like peptide 1 7-36 (P = 0.784) and insulin (P = 0.06) concentrations were not significantly different between trials. Energy expenditure was lower during ER in the morning (P , 0.01). Conclusions: In lean young adults, 24-h SER transiently elevated subjective appetite and marginally increased energy intake, but hormonal appetite markers did not respond in a manner indicative of hyperphagia. These results suggest that intermittent SER might be useful to attenuate energy intake and control body weight in this population. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov.uk as NCT02696772.Am J Clin Nutr

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Section: Nih Public Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, even individuals of normal and stable body weight are often employing deliberate or cognitive strategies to stay that way. These strategies include dietary restraint and exercise regimens [4] and may be considered ways to combat an environment that is hostile to weight stability -an environment that is replete with energy dense food and sedentary occupations.It is quite unlikely that these hostile aspects of the environment will change any time soon. To date, despite the investment of billions of research dollars worldwide, the biomedical approach to the problem has not yielded spectacular results.…”

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confidence: 99%

Feeding behavior, obesity, and neuroeconomics

Rowland

Vaughan

Mathes

et al. 2008

Physiology & Behavior

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For the past 50 years, the most prevalent theoretical models for regulation of food intake have been based in the physiological concept of energy homeostasis. However, several authors have noted that the simplest form of homeostasis, stability, does not accurately reflect the actual state of affairs and most notably the recent upward trend in body mass index observed in the majority of affluent nations. The present review argues that processes of natural selection have more likely made us first and foremost behavioral opportunists that are adapted to uncertain environments, and that physiological homeostasis is subservient to that reality. Examples are presented from a variety of laboratory studies indicating that food intake is a function of the effort and/or time required to procure that food, and that economic decision making is central to understanding how much and when organisms eat. The discipline of behavioral economics has developed concepts that are useful for this enterprise, and some of these are presented. Lastly, we present demonstrations in which genetic or physiologic investigations using environmental complexity will lead to more realistic ideas about how to understand and treat idiopathic human obesity. The fact is that humans are eating more and gaining weight in favorable food environments in exactly the way predicted from some of these models, and this has implications for the appropriate way to treat obesity. KeywordsBehavioral economics; food intake; foraging; closed economy; weight regulation OverviewMost analysts agree that the contemporary increase in body mass index, both at a crosssectional population level and longitudinally within individuals, that is occurring in many parts of the world results from a combination of increased food intake and decreased physical activity [1]. In contrast to this observed increase, theoretical model(s) of control of food intake and body weight emphasize stability. These models are mostly biomedical in nature, meaning that physiological signals in the body and brain are hypothesized to act in a self-regulatory manner to produce an optimal or stable situation for the organism. The foundation of these models is the concept of homeostasis and body weight set point [2,3]. According to such models, if we eat more and gain weight, then several hormonal signals will act in the brain to inhibit further food seeking. Conversely, if we eat too little, the system will increase food seeking and intake, Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. and the net result will be relative stability of body weight across ...

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Categorical strategies based on subject characteristics of dietary restraint and physical activity, for weight maintenance

Cited by 39 publications

References 56 publications

Human Biology of Weight Maintenance after Weight Loss

Human Biology of Weight Maintenance after Weight Loss

Effect of 24-h severe energy restriction on appetite regulation and ad libitum energy intake in lean men and women

Feeding behavior, obesity, and neuroeconomics

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