Category-specific learned attentional bias to object parts

Chua, K.J.; Gauthier, Isabel

doi:10.3758/s13414-015-1040-0

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This is the first meta-analytic evidence that the bias in probabilistic cuing is effectively reduced when the spatial distribution of the target becomes unbiased. These results are consistent with some individual studies reporting the same pattern (e.g., Chua & Gauthier, 2016;Giménez-Fernández et al, 2020;Jiang & Won, 2015). We hypothesized that one of the reasons why some empirical studies might have failed to detect a decrease in probabilistic cuing during the unbiased stage is that most experiments do not include enough unbiased trials.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Is probabilistic cuing of visual search an inflexible attentional habit? A meta-analytic review

et al. 2021

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AbstractIn studies on probabilistic cuing of visual search, participants search for a target among several distractors and report some feature of the target. In a biased stage the target appears more frequently in one specific area of the search display. Eventually, participants become faster at finding the target in that rich region compared to the sparse region. In some experiments, this stage is followed by an unbiased stage, where the target is evenly located across all regions of the display. Despite this change in the spatial distribution of targets, search speed usually remains faster when the target is located in the previously rich region. The persistence of the bias even when it is no longer advantageous has been taken as evidence that this phenomenon is an attentional habit. The aim of this meta-analysis was to test whether the magnitude of probabilistic cuing decreases from the biased to the unbiased stage. A meta-analysis of 42 studies confirmed that probabilistic cuing during the unbiased stage was roughly half the size of cuing during the biased stage, and this decrease persisted even after correcting for publication bias. Thus, the evidence supporting the claim that probabilistic cuing is an attentional habit might not be as compelling as previously thought.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Is probabilistic cuing of visual search an inflexible attentional habit? A meta-analytic review

et al. 2021

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“…Levy, Heller, Banich, & Burton, 1983a;Luh et al, 1991;Yovel et al, 2008), in both cerebral hemispheres (Siman-Tov et al, 2007). Additionally, learned attentional biases related to the development of holistic face processing (Richler, Palmeri, & Gauthier, 2012), and object recognition expertise more generally (Chua, Richler, & Gauthier, 2014, could be instantiated with respect to LVF face parts (Chua & Gauthier, 2016). Such a bias might only occur when a whole "configurally intact" face is viewed, consistent with holistic processing of whole faces, which would be in line with our findings from Experiments 2b and 3.…”

Section: Lvf Half-face Prioritizationsupporting

confidence: 84%

Does right hemisphere superiority sufficiently explain the left visual field advantage in face recognition?

Harrison

Strother

2019

Atten Percept Psychophys

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The tendency to perceive the identity of the left half of a centrally viewed face more strongly than that of the right half is associated with visual processing of faces in the right hemisphere (RH). Here we investigate conditions under which this wellknown left visual field (LVF) half-face advantage fails to occur. Our findings challenge the sufficiency of its explanation as a function of RH specialization for face processing coupled with LVF-RH correspondence. In two experiments we show that the LVF half-face advantage occurs for normal faces and chimeric faces composed of different half-face identities. In a third experiment, we show that face inversion disrupts the LVF half-face advantage. In two additional experiments we show that half-faces viewed in isolation or paired with inverted half-faces fail to show the LVF advantage. Consistent with previous explanations of the LVF half-face advantage, our findings suggest that the LVF half-face advantage reflects RH superiority for processing faces and direct transfer of LVF face information to visual cortex in the RH. Critically, however, our findings also suggest the operation of a third factor, which involves the prioritization of face-processing resources to the LVF, but only when two upright face-halves compete for these resources. We therefore conclude that RH superiority alone does not suffice to explain the LVF advantage in face recognition. We also discuss the implications of our findings for specialized visual processing of faces by the right hemisphere, and we distinguish LVF advantages for faces viewed centrally and peripherally in divided field studies.

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“…This is the first meta-analytic evidence that the bias in probabilistic cuing is effectively reduced when the spatial distribution of the target becomes unbiased. These results are consistent with some individual studies reporting the same pattern (e.g., Chua & Gauthier, 2016;Giménez-Fernández et al, 2020;. Our results are also consistent with those reported in related visual learning paradigms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…The conclusion that the bias is not reduced when the unbiased stage is introduced rests on the finding that the region factor remains significant during this stage (Jiang, Swallow, & Rosembaum, 2013), or there is no interaction between region and stage (Jiang, Swallow, Rosembaum, & Herzig, 2013), or there is no interaction between block and region (Jiang et al, 2016) during the unbiased stage (which is composed of several trial blocks). Importantly, these results are not always observed; some studies have found no advantage for the rich region during (Chua & Gauthier, 2016) or at the end of the unbiased stage.…”

Section: Is Probabilistic Cuing An Inflexible Attentional Habit? a Meta-analytic Reviewmentioning

confidence: 89%

Is probabilistic cuing of visual search an inflexible attentional habit? A meta-analytic review

Giménez‐Fernández¹,

Luque²,

Shanks³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In studies on probabilistic cuing of visual search, participants search for a target among several distractors and report some feature of the target. In a biased stage the target appears more frequently in one specific area of the search display. Eventually, participants become faster at finding the target in that rich region compared to the sparse region. In some experiments, this stage is followed by an unbiased stage, where the target is evenly located across all regions of the display. Despite this change in the spatial distribution of targets, search speed usually remains faster when the target is located in the previously rich region. The persistence of the bias even when it is no longer advantageous underpins the claim that this phenomenon is a habit-like process. The aim of this meta-analysis was to test whether the magnitude of probabilistic cuing decreases from the biased to the unbiased stage. A multi-level random-effects meta-analysis of 42 studies confirmed that probabilistic cuing during the unbiased stage was roughly half the size of cuing during the biased stage, and this decrease persisted even after correcting for publication bias. We propose that probabilistic cuing is better understood as evidence of top-down attentional control than as an attentional habit.

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Category-specific learned attentional bias to object parts

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Is probabilistic cuing of visual search an inflexible attentional habit? A meta-analytic review

Is probabilistic cuing of visual search an inflexible attentional habit? A meta-analytic review

Does right hemisphere superiority sufficiently explain the left visual field advantage in face recognition?

Is probabilistic cuing of visual search an inflexible attentional habit? A meta-analytic review

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