Catfish hybrid Ictalurus punctatus × I. furcatus exhibits higher resistance to columnaris disease than the parental species

Arias, Covadonga R.; Cai, Wenlong; Peatman, Eric; Bullard, Stephen A.

doi:10.3354/dao02492

Cited by 75 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Wolters et al (1996) found that, following an experimental bath immersion, hybrid catfish (Ictalurus punctatus fe male × I. furcatus male) had lower resistance to Edwardsiella ictaluri than blue catfish but higher than channel catfish. However, hybrid catfish were significantly more resistant to columnaris disease than either parent species when experimentally challenged with a highly virulent isolate (Arias et al 2012). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

White bass Morone chrysops is less susceptible than its hybrid to experimental infection with Flavobacterium columnare

Fuller¹,

Farmer²,

Beck³

2014

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Hybrid striped bass (HSB) and white bass (WB) were evaluated for their susceptibility to Flavobacterium columnare, the causative agent of columnaris disease, in 3 fundamental studies. In the first experiment, we determined whether columnaris disease could be developed by experimental challenge in HSB. This challenge consisted of 3 levels of F. columnare (10, 30, and 60 ml volumes) determined to be 2.25 × 10 7 , 6.75 × 10 7 , and 1.35 × 10 8 CFU ml −1 , respectively. Each treatment group exhibited significantly different survival rates: 0, 3.3, and 13.3% in the 60, 30, and 10 ml groups, respectively. In Expt 2, using the 30 ml dose, both HSB and WB had a 0% survival rate, with WB taking significantly longer to reach 100% mortality. In Expt 3, using the 10 ml dose, no HSB survived, whereas 33% of WB survived (p < 0.0001). Compared to controls, HSB treated with 10 ml showed extensive gill damage at 24 h, which could have contributed to the higher mortality observed in HSB; in contrast, WB gills showed noticeably less damage. From these series of experiments, it is clear that HSB are more sensitive to F. columnare, having lower survival and more extensive histological damage compared to WB following challenge. KEY WORDS: Columnaris disease · Hybrid striped bass · Dose response · Differential survivalResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

White bass Morone chrysops is less susceptible than its hybrid to experimental infection with Flavobacterium columnare

Fuller¹,

Farmer²,

Beck³

2014

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Nomenclature of spiders follows Platnick [26]. Data on the live weight and size of spiders and fish were taken from the arachnological [11], [13], [17], [19]–[20], [22]–[25], [27]–[43] and ichthyological [1], [44]–[68] literature. Unless reported in the literature or by the respondents in our survey, the total lengths of the fish prey were estimated based on the photographs (see Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Predation by Semi-Aquatic Spiders: A Global Pattern

Nyffeler

Pusey

2014

PLoS ONE

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More than 80 incidences of fish predation by semi-aquatic spiders – observed at the fringes of shallow freshwater streams, rivers, lakes, ponds, swamps, and fens – are reviewed. We provide evidence that fish predation by semi-aquatic spiders is geographically widespread, occurring on all continents except Antarctica. Fish predation by spiders appears to be more common in warmer areas between 40° S and 40° N. The fish captured by spiders, usually ranging from 2–6 cm in length, are among the most common fish taxa occurring in their respective geographic area (e.g., mosquitofish [Gambusia spp.] in the southeastern USA, fish of the order Characiformes in the Neotropics, killifish [Aphyosemion spp.] in Central and West Africa, as well as Australian native fish of the genera Galaxias, Melanotaenia, and Pseudomugil). Naturally occurring fish predation has been witnessed in more than a dozen spider species from the superfamily Lycosoidea (families Pisauridae, Trechaleidae, and Lycosidae), in two species of the superfamily Ctenoidea (family Ctenidae), and in one species of the superfamily Corinnoidea (family Liocranidae). The majority of reports on fish predation by spiders referred to pisaurid spiders of the genera Dolomedes and Nilus (>75% of observed incidences). There is laboratory evidence that spiders from several more families (e.g., the water spider Argyroneta aquatica [Cybaeidae], the intertidal spider Desis marina [Desidae], and the ‘swimming’ huntsman spider Heteropoda natans [Sparassidae]) predate fish as well. Our finding of such a large diversity of spider families being engaged in fish predation is novel. Semi-aquatic spiders captured fish whose body length exceeded the spiders’ body length (the captured fish being, on average, 2.2 times as long as the spiders). Evidence suggests that fish prey might be an occasional prey item of substantial nutritional importance.

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“…Challenge protocols have been described previously in detail [19]. Briefly, challenge experiment consisted of three treatments: fresh (24 h) ALG-00-530, 2 week-old ALG-530, and unchallenged control.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive response to starvation in the fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare: cell viability and ultrastructural changes

et al. 2012

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BackgroundThe ecology of columnaris disease, caused by Flavobacterium columnare, is poorly understood despite the economic losses that this disease inflicts on aquaculture farms worldwide. Currently, the natural reservoir for this pathogen is unknown but limited data have shown its ability to survive in water for extended periods of time. The objective of this study was to describe the ultrastructural changes that F. columnare cells undergo under starvation conditions. Four genetically distinct strains of this pathogen were monitored for 14 days in media without nutrients. Culturability and cell viability was assessed throughout the study. In addition, cell morphology and ultrastructure was analyzed using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Revival of starved cells under different nutrient conditions and the virulence potential of the starved cells were also investigated.ResultsStarvation induced unique and consistent morphological changes in all strains studied. Cells maintained their length and did not transition into a shortened, coccus shape as observed in many other Gram negative bacteria. Flavobacterium columnare cells modified their shape by morphing into coiled forms that comprised more than 80% of all the cells after 2 weeks of starvation. Coiled cells remained culturable as determined by using a dilution to extinction strategy. Statistically significant differences in cell viability were found between strains although all were able to survive in absence of nutrients for at least 14 days. In later stages of starvation, an extracellular matrix was observed covering the coiled cells. A difference in growth curves between fresh and starved cultures was evident when cultures were 3-months old but not when cultures were starved for only 1 month. Revival of starved cultures under different nutrients revealed that cells return back to their original elongated rod shape upon encountering nutrients. Challenge experiments shown that starved cells were avirulent for a fish host model.ConclusionsSpecific morphological and ultrastructural changes allowed F. columnare cells to remain viable under adverse conditions. Those changes were reversed by the addition of nutrients. This bacterium can survive in water without nutrients for extended periods of time although long-term starvation appears to decrease cell fitness and resulted in loss of virulence.

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Catfish hybrid Ictalurus punctatus × I. furcatus exhibits higher resistance to columnaris disease than the parental species

Cited by 75 publications

References 22 publications

White bass Morone chrysops is less susceptible than its hybrid to experimental infection with Flavobacterium columnare

White bass Morone chrysops is less susceptible than its hybrid to experimental infection with Flavobacterium columnare

Fish Predation by Semi-Aquatic Spiders: A Global Pattern

Adaptive response to starvation in the fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare: cell viability and ultrastructural changes

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