Catheter based inhibition of arterial calcification by bisphosphonates in an experimental atherosclerotic rabbit animal model

Current and potential therapeutic strategies for the management of vascular calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease including those on dialysis

“…Reports dating back to 1970's in human and animal studies have shown that the early developed bisphosphonates, such as etidronate, inhibit ectopic calcification. Since then, animal models have suggested that these drugs may inhibit VC without significant changes to other known cardiovascular risk factors like lipids …”

Pyrophosphate: a key inhibitor of mineralisation

“…There are more recent studies suggesting that BPs may inhibit bone formation and mineralisation, an effect which may, because of the structural similarities with pyrophosphate, involve direct physicochemical effects on hydroxyapatite crystal propagation [112,113]. These inhibitory actions on mineralisation may prove beneficial if BPs are ever to be used as potential therapeutics for treating conditions associated with unwanted calcification such as vascular calcification and GACI [114][115][116][117].…”

Current and emerging osteoporosis pharmacotherapy for women: state of the art therapies for preventing bone loss

“…Indeed, widely disseminated issues of osteonecrosis of the jaw [121], atrial fibrillation and cardiovascular adverse events [122,123] may have contributed to this decline. However, the risk-benefit ratio of anti-osteoporotic therapy remains favourable [124] with some animal studies also showing potential in reducing arresting aortic valve and coronary artery calcification [125,126]. Recently, advances elucidating the cellular and molecular regulatory mechanisms of bone remodelling have spearheaded efforts to develop and establish novel therapies [127,128].…”