Cathodic-Arc and Thermal-Evaporation Deposition

Koskinen, Jari

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-096532-1.00409-x

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…The physical thermal evaporation deposition technique (PVD) includes a variety of vacuum deposition methods intended for thin films and coatings production [88]. PVD is a powerful process when the material is converted from the condensed phase to the steam phase and then back to the thin layer condensation phase.…”

Section: Thermal Evaporation Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modifications of Biodegradable Metallic Foams for Medical Applications

et al. 2020

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Significant progress was achieved presently in the development of metallic foam-like materials improved by biocompatible coatings. Material properties of the iron, magnesium, zinc, and their alloys are promising for their uses in medical applications, especially for orthopedic and bone tissue purposes. Current processing technologies and a variety of modifications of the surface and composition facilitate the design of adjusted medical devices with desirable mechanical, morphological, and functional properties. This article reviews the recent progress in the design of advanced degradable metallic biomaterials perfected by different coatings: polymer, inorganic ceramic, and metallic. Appropriate coating of metallic foams could improve the biocompatibility, osteogenesis, and bone tissue-bonding properties. In this paper, a comprehensive review of different coating types used for the enhancement of one or several properties of biodegradable porous implants is given. An outline of the conventional preparation methods of metallic foams and a brief overview of different alloys for medical applications are also provided. In addition, current challenges and future research directions of processing and surface modifications of biodegradable metallic foams for medical applications are suggested.

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Section: Thermal Evaporation Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modifications of Biodegradable Metallic Foams for Medical Applications

et al. 2020

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“…That is, macroparticles adhere to the structure of a thin coating, where residual stresses are likely to arise. Stresses then lead to the chipping of the coating and the formation of craters on the surface [1,[3][4][5]. Thin films have important applications in mechanical engineering, especially for machining applications [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These coatings play an important role due to their high hardness and toughness as well as low coefficients of friction [9,10]. TiN coatings are commercially used for machine tool surfaces due to their high surface hardness, thermochemical stability, and wear resistance [3][4][5]10]. At an elevated temperature of around 250-450 °C, an oxide coating is formed on the TiN surface, and at temperatures higher than ~ 450 °C there is a plastic deformation and coating failure [11] due to oxygen substitution for nitrogen, causing TiO 2 formation leading to phase separation between nitrogen and oxygen [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Mechanical and Tribological Properties of TiN and ZrN Coatings Deposited by Arc-PVD

Krafka¹,

Lemberk²,

Petkov³

et al. 2023

Manufacturing Technology

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The continuous development of thin coatings for different applications and using various coating methods require the characterization of these newly formed surfaces to evaluate their utility properties. Binary thin coatings of titanium (TiN) and zirconium (ZrN) nitrides were prepared using the Arc-PVD (Cathodic Arc Deposition) method. Differences were observed in the structure and morphology of the thin coatings and the change in tribological properties at room and elevated temperatures (150 °C and 300 °C). The research is focused on evaluating the frictional properties of the coating using the Ballon-Disc method in the dry friction mode. The emphasis is placed on the resistance of the thin coating to wear. The nanohardness was measured to be 26.2 GPa for TiN and 24.8 GPa for ZrN. Index of resistivity against plastic deformation H³/E² (plastic deformation resistance) for ZrN coating -0.087 and TiN coating -0.095, H/E (plasticity index) for ZrN -0.059 and TiN -0.060. Better friction properties and wear resistance (at 150 °C) were found for the TiN coating compared to the ZrN coating.

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“…Generally, physical vapor deposition (PVD) can create defects on the surface such as particles, holes, and voids. Many factors such as the overheating of the target, arc spot travel, deposition rate, and bias voltage characteristic can affect the growth of defects due to the change in energy level of ions, which can affect adatom mobility and surface diffusion [14][15][16]. These defects are often minimized because they can lead to inferior coating properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure, Hardness, Adhesion and Corrosion Properties of Ti and TiN Films on Stainless Steel 316L

Wathanyu

Tuchinda

Daopiset

et al. 2020

KEM

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Ti-based coating has been used for biomaterials to improve biocompatibility, mechanical and corrosion properties. Each coating shows unique performance depending on a variety of factors such as coating microstructure and properties as well as in-service conditions. In this study, the microstructure, surface topography, hardness, adhesion and corrosion properties of Ti and TiN films on stainless steel 316L coated by cathodic arc physical vapor deposition process (PVD) were studied. The results showed that the surface roughness of 316L increased after being coated with Ti and TiN film as evidenced by the numerous particles and voids observed on the surface of both films. The hardness of 316L coated with Ti and TiN was increased by approximately 50% and 85%, respectively. Ti and TiN coated samples showed good adhesion strength with the first critical load (LC1) of approximately 10N and 15N, respectively. However, the types of film failure for Ti and TiN were found to be different. Partial delamination with a high degree of plastic deformation was observed for Ti coating, whereas surface cracks were found for TiN coating. This finding is likely attributable to the difference in flow resistance and the amount of particles and voids observed. All samples showed a stable passive region during 7 days of immersion in Ringer’s solution. Ti film showed better corrosion resistance than TiN, which may have been caused by the effect of more voids on TiN surfaces formed by PVD coating.

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Cathodic-Arc and Thermal-Evaporation Deposition

Cited by 14 publications

References 98 publications

Surface Modifications of Biodegradable Metallic Foams for Medical Applications

Surface Modifications of Biodegradable Metallic Foams for Medical Applications

Comparison of Mechanical and Tribological Properties of TiN and ZrN Coatings Deposited by Arc-PVD

Microstructure, Hardness, Adhesion and Corrosion Properties of Ti and TiN Films on Stainless Steel 316L

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