Cationic gemini surfactant as dynamic coating in CE for the control of EOF and wall adsorption

Liu, Qian; Li, Yanqing; Tang, Fei; Ding, Li; Yao, Shouzhuo

doi:10.1002/elps.200600754

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate) seem to possess interesting properties for the separation of basic proteins [28,29]. Even cationic gemini surfactants have been suggested as dynamic coatings in CZE [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An N‐methylpolyvinylpyridinium cationic polymer for capillary coating in electrophoresis of proteins and peptides

et al. 2009

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A novel cationic polymeric coating is here reported, consisting of a N-methylpolyvinylpyridinium quaternary ion. This coating, combined with an isoelectric, aspartic acid as BGE, offers excellent separations of low- to high-M(r) proteins, of low- to high-pI values, coupled to very high run-to-run repeatability. The importance of a hydrophilic coating is also illustrated, whereas the N-methylpolyvinylpyridinium quaternary ion does not seem to adsorb even a large size protein as human albumin, separations are already distorted in the N-ethyl derivative and totally ruined in the N-octyl derivative, due to its high hydrophobicity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An N‐methylpolyvinylpyridinium cationic polymer for capillary coating in electrophoresis of proteins and peptides

et al. 2009

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“…For this purpose, several surface-active materials, mainly polymer-based such as poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) [5], poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) [6], hydroxyethylcellulose [7], cationized-hydroxyethylcellulose [8], poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) [9] or different copolymers [10][11][12][13] were described in the CE and MCE literature. Other suitable surface-active compounds are surfactants [14,15], polyelectrolyte multilayers [16,17] or ionic liquids [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(ethylene glycol)‐coated microfluidic devices for chip electrophoresis

Schulze

Belder

2012

Electrophoresis

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Herein, we report on a strategy for durable modification of the channel surface in microfluidic glass chips with the neutral hydrophilic-coating material poly(ethylene glycol) PEG-1M-100. Applied in microchip electrophoresis such PEG-coated devices exhibit a suppressed electroosmotic flow and reduced analyte adsorption. The PEG-coated chips were successfully applied in chip electrophoresis of FITC-labelled amines and amino acids and native proteins as well as in chiral separations. The performance of the coated chips was found to be superior compared with uncoated microchips. The coated chips exhibited high stability and the relative standard deviation of migration times in PEG-coated devices was less than 2%.

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“…highly hydrophobic compounds [17]. Recently, Liu et al reported that cationic gemini surfactants were good capillary coating materials for separation of proteins in aqueous media [18][19][20]. Particularly, when using long-chained gemini surfactant alkane- Sep. Sci 2009, 32, 4148-4154 4148 diyl-a,o-bis(dimethyloctadecylammonium bromide) (18-s-18), the coatings turned from dynamic to semipermanent, which allowed the separation to be performed without the surfactant in buffer [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of gemini surfactants as semipermanent capillary coatings in aqueous‐organic solvents for capillary electrophoretic separation of inorganic anions

Liu

Yao

et al. 2009

J of Separation Science

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This paper proposes a new method for CE separation of inorganic anions based on the use of gemini surfactants as capillary coatings in mixed aqueous-organic solvents. The semipermanent gemini surfactant coatings were facilely prepared by rinsing the capillary with 18-s-18 solutions; they can keep be stable during the electrophoretic runs without surfactants in buffer. The coatings showed a good tolerance of methanol (MeOH) or ACN, e.g. at pH 8.0 and with 40% v/v MeOH or ACN, the EOF magnitude after 60 min of continuous electrokinetic rinsing only decreased by 2.9 or 6.0%, respectively. The coatings were successfully applied to the separation of inorganic anions. Adding organic solvents in buffer can effectively improve the resolution and efficiencies; however, it remarkably prolonged the analysis time due to the suppression of EOF. Interestingly, varying the spacer length of the gemini surfactants can also modulate (improve) the resolution but without any sacrifice of analysis time. This benefit was resulted from the unique chemical structures of gemini surfactants because it introduced a new variable, i.e. the spacer length, to the separation mechanism. IntroductionGemini surfactants are a relatively new type of surfactants, which have two hydrophobic chains and two polar headgroups linked by a spacer group [1][2][3]. Compared with the corresponding conventional (monomeric) single-chained surfactants, the gemini surfactants show better water solubility, lower critical micelle concentration, lower Krafft point, and better surface activity in aqueous solutions [2][3][4]. These features make the gemini surfactants very attractive in both academic and industrial worlds. In particular, the spacer group that can be hydrophilic or hydrophobic, flexible or rigid, heteroatomic, aromatic, etc., plays an important role in determining the solution properties of gemini surfactants [5][6][7][8][9]. In principle, the spacer group can connect any two identical or different surfactants among the available ones. Therefore, gemini surfactants are thought to be designable with an enormous variety of structures [3].Although gemini surfactants have recently generated much research interest, their applications in CE are still rare. Gemini surfactants can be good alternatives to other micelle-forming reagents, buffer additives and capillary coatings, thus it is rational to anticipate a bright prospect of application of gemini surfactants in CE. A few earlier reports described the use of gemini surfactants as micelleforming reagents in MEKC, and found that the gemini surfactants exhibit better resolution or wider migration time windows than the commonly used single-chained surfactants [10][11][12]. Warner and coworkers [13][14] and systematically studied the use of anionic gemini surfactants as pseudostationary phases in MEKC, and presented some advantages of anionic gemini surfactants compared with conventionally used SDS. Due to their lower critical micelle concentrations, the gemini surfactants can be used at much lower concentrat...

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Cationic gemini surfactant as dynamic coating in CE for the control of EOF and wall adsorption

Cited by 34 publications

References 35 publications

An N‐methylpolyvinylpyridinium cationic polymer for capillary coating in electrophoresis of proteins and peptides

An N‐methylpolyvinylpyridinium cationic polymer for capillary coating in electrophoresis of proteins and peptides

Poly(ethylene glycol)‐coated microfluidic devices for chip electrophoresis

Use of gemini surfactants as semipermanent capillary coatings in aqueous‐organic solvents for capillary electrophoretic separation of inorganic anions

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