Caudal and sacrocaudal intervertebral disc protrusion in two cats

Magi, Gianluca; Cherubini, Giunio Bruto; Taeymans, Olivier

doi:10.22233/9781910443439.74.10

Cited by 5 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Previous papers describing disc disease at the sacrococcygeal site (Freeman 2010, Magi et al . 2018) both describe almost immediate improvement in symptoms upon surgical intervention (flaccid tail, constipation), as was the case with faecal incontinence here, despite a 2‐week prior history. It is possible that sacrococcygeal disc disease carries a better prognosis for rapid improvement in faecal continence than disc disease at other sites.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…With L4-S3 disc disease, faecal incontinence is associated a poorer prognosis (De Risio et al 2001) and it is considered important not to delay surgery in patients with faecal or urinary incontinence due to disc disease in this region (De Decker et al 2014) as chronic cases have the highest risk of permanent incontinence. Previous papers describing disc disease at the sacrococcygeal site (Freeman 2010, Magi et al 2018 both describe almost immediate improvement in symptoms upon surgical intervention (flaccid tail, constipation), as was the case with faecal incontinence here, despite a 2-week prior history. It is possible that sacrococcygeal disc disease carries a better prognosis for rapid improvement in faecal continence than disc disease at other sites.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Sacrococcygeal disc disease has been rarely reported in the literature; a single dachshund with faecal constipation and tail pain (Freeman 2010) and two cats with similar symptoms (Magi et al . 2018). A single case report documents sacrococcygeal disc extrusion associated with tail pain managed medically with epidural methylprednisolone and bupivacaine (Aprea & Vettorato 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment of sacro‐coccygeal intervertebral disc extrusion causing tail paresis and faecal incontinence in a dog

Franklin

House

2022

J of Small Animal Practice

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A 4-year 9-month-old beagle was presented for a 2-week history of acute onset of lowered tail carriage and faecal incontinence. Neurological examination was unremarkable except for an absent perineal reflex, there was no history of trauma. Blood work was unremarkable. Lumbosacral and coccygeal CT pre-and post-intravenous contrast revealed a large sacrococcygeal disc extrusion with mineralised material extending from the level of S2 and to midbody of Cd1. A dorsal laminectomy was performed from the cranial margin of S2 to the caudal margin of Cd1. A large volume of mineralised disc material was removed. The material was confirmed on histopathology to be consistent with extruded nucleus pulposus. The patient regained faecal continence within 3 days of hospital discharge. Based on a literature search this is the first report of a sacrococcygeal disc extrusion resulting in faecal incontinence, with successful surgical management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Treatment of sacro‐coccygeal intervertebral disc extrusion causing tail paresis and faecal incontinence in a dog

Franklin

House

2022

J of Small Animal Practice

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“…Spinal hyperaesthesia has been variably reported in previous studies of IVDH in cats, most including both IVDP and IVDE. 12,14,16,25,30,32,33,35,36,38 However, reported feline clinical cases of ANNPE have usually been non-painful at presentation. 15,24,37,38 Spinal pain may thus be considered a useful clinical sign in a cat with a sudden spinal cord disorder and, according to the clinical presentation, represents important clinical information supporting the suspicion of IVDE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, clinical presentation and MRI of intervertebral disc herniations in cats

Bibbiani¹,

Gelendi

Bernardini

et al. 2022

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Objectives The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence and to describe the clinical and diagnostic imaging features of the different types of feline intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH). Methods Medical records and imaging studies were retrospectively reviewed for cats diagnosed with IVDH between January 2008 and October 2020. Information obtained from the clinical records included signalment, clinical presentation, the presence of spinal hyperaesthesia and neurolocalisation. Diagnostic imaging findings, including type (ie, intervertebral disc extrusion [IVDE], intervertebral disc protrusion [IVDP] or acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion (ANNPE), site and number of IVDHs, were recorded. The association between breed, age, sex, duration and severity of neurological signs, the presence of spinal pain and MRI features was evaluated. Results Forty-three cats were included. A total of 50 IVDHs were identified: 39 cats were diagnosed with a single IVDH and four with multiple IVDHs. The most common type of IVDH was ANNPE (n = 22), followed by IVDP (n = 19) and IVDE (n = 9). Neuroanatomical localisation included L4–S3 (n = 19/43), T3–L3 (n = 18/43) and C1–C5 (n = 6/43). Cats with a single IVDH were statistically significantly associated with a diagnosis of ANNPE ( P = 0.023) compared with cats with multiple IVDHs affected by IVDP ( P = 0.004). Males were more commonly affected by IVDE ( P = 0.020) and females by ANNPE ( P = 0.020). Cats with IVDP had a longer duration of clinical signs ( P <0.001) than cats with ANNPE and demonstrated milder neurological deficits ( P = 0.005). IVDEs were statistically significantly associated with spinal hyperaesthesia ( P = 0.013), while ANNPEs were not ( P = 0.014). Conclusions and relevance ANNPE, IVDP and IVDE are each associated with distinctive clinical scenarios. Thoracolumbar and mid-to-caudal lumbar regions are the most affected, followed by the cranial cervical spine segment.

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“…Despite several lumbosacral vertebral abnormalities in cats, such as hemivertebrae, transitional vertebrae, bone spurs, and spondylosis, the association of these abnormalities to CES in cats has not been previously reported [20]. The previous studies showed that lumbosacral IVDD was concurrently found with constipation [21] and spondylosis deformans and sacralization [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Radiographic lumbosacral vertebral abnormalities and constipation in cats

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: Lumbosacral intervertebral disk disease (IVDD) in cats usually develops concurrent with constipation, spondylosis deformans, and sacralization. However, the prevalence of lumbar IVDD in cats was considered low, and there was less information on the incidence of non-traumatic lumbosacral vertebral abnormalities that may affect large bowel dysfunction. This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the relationship between non-traumatic lumbosacral vertebral abnormalities, both congenital and acquired, and large bowel dysfunction in cats. Materials and Methods: Of 3108 cats that were presented to the Diagnostic Imaging Unit, the Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, between March 2016 and February 2018, 1365 cats met the inclusion criteria. All abdominal radiographs were reviewed, and all subsequent data were recorded, including the presence of congenital or acquired lumbosacral lesions, number of lumbar vertebrae, and length of the second, fifth, and last lumbar vertebrae, including the type of lumbar abnormalities. Moreover, radiographic information relating to constipation and megacolon was also collected. Results: Non-traumatic lumbosacral vertebral abnormalities were observed in 29.74% of cats. The most common congenital lumbosacral vertebral abnormalities were six lumbar vertebrae, sacralization, and lumbarization, whereas most common acquired lumbosacral abnormalities were bone spur, narrowing disk space, spondylosis deformans, and lumbosacral degeneration, respectively. Cats with abnormal lumbosacral vertebrae are prone to have more problems with the large bowel (p=0.0057; odds ratio=1.731). Moreover, congenital and acquired lumbosacral abnormalities were also at risk of large bowel abnormalities (p=0.0069; odds ratio=1.920 and p<0.0001; odds ratio=4.107, respectively). Conclusion: This study revealed the evidence and distribution of the variation in feline lumbar anatomy and also elucidated that cats with abnormal lumbar vertebral columns were more likely to have problems with distal gastrointestinal tracts than those without.

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Caudal and sacrocaudal intervertebral disc protrusion in two cats

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Treatment of sacro‐coccygeal intervertebral disc extrusion causing tail paresis and faecal incontinence in a dog

Treatment of sacro‐coccygeal intervertebral disc extrusion causing tail paresis and faecal incontinence in a dog

Prevalence, clinical presentation and MRI of intervertebral disc herniations in cats

Radiographic lumbosacral vertebral abnormalities and constipation in cats

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