Caudal epidural analgesia in sheep by using lignocaine hydrochloride and bupivacaine hydrochloride

Lucky, NS; Hashim, M. A.; Jahid, Ahmed; Sarker, K; Gazi, NM; Ahmed, Shahid

doi:10.3329/bjvm.v5i1.1319

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In the present study, no significant changes were observed in blood gas analysis, in line with other studies with bupivacaine in goats [13]. However, one goat in the present study (BUP treatment) showed bloating, muscle twitching and respiratory distress at 15 min, similar to the observations by other authors who reported bloating, muscle twitching and sleepiness in sheep that received bupivacaine by the caudal epidural route [10]. Nonetheless, these effects were not observed in another study with goats [13].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Thoracolumbar epidural anaesthesia with 0.5% bupivacaine with or without methadone in goats

et al. 2017

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BackgroundEpidural anaesthesia is one of the most commonly used locoregional techniques in ruminants. The lumbosacral epidural technique is reasonably easy to perform and requires low volumes of local anaesthetic drug to allow procedures caudal to the umbilicus. However, surgical procedures in the flank of the animal would require an increased volume of drugs. The anaesthetized area provided by thoracic epidural technique is larger than the lumbosacral technique; however the former is rather challenging to perform. Therefore, access through lumbosacral area to introduce a catheter into the thoracolumbar space is a potential alternative to thoracic access. Epidural anaesthesia is achieved with local anaesthetics; opioids can be added to improve analgesia. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 0.5% bupivacaine with or without methadone, administered through an epidural catheter inserted through the lumbosacral access and advanced to the thoracolumbar space, on thoracolumbar epidural anaesthesia in goats.MethodsSix animals received two treatments each in a randomized crossover study: BUP treatment consisted of 0.5% bupivacaine (1 mL per each 10 cm of spine column; 1 ± 0.2 mg/kg BW) and BMT treatment was the same; however 1 mL of bupivacaine was replaced by 1 mL (0.22 ± 0.03 mg/kg BW) of methadone (10 mg/mL). The treatments were administered near to T11-T12 through an epidural catheter. Motor blockade and analgesia were evaluated by electrical stimulation.ResultsHeart rate, respiratory rate, ruminal motility and rectal temperature were evaluated before and after the treatment. Motor blockade was observed on both treatments, up to 6 h post-treatment. Analgesia was observed on BUP up to 4 h and on BMT up to 6 h post-treatment. Physiological values did not change at any moment.ConclusionsBupivacaine-methadone combination promoted longer-lasting analgesia in goats compared to bupivacaine alone when administered through an epidural catheter into the thoracolumbar space.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13620-017-0093-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Thoracolumbar epidural anaesthesia with 0.5% bupivacaine with or without methadone in goats

et al. 2017

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“…[1][2][3] Standing surgery under regional analgesia achieved by lumbar epidural or lumbar subarachnoid is used frequently in ruminants. 2,3 Surgical operations carried out under such methods of local analgesia include various obstetrical interferences, docking, mastectomy, and surgeries of the anus, rectum, and vagina. 4 Local anesthetics such as lidocaine hydrochloride, sedatives such as xylazine, and opioids such as butorphanol or their combinations have been used for epidural analgesia in ruminants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Local anesthetics such as lidocaine hydrochloride, sedatives such as xylazine, and opioids such as butorphanol or their combinations have been used for epidural analgesia in ruminants. 2,3,[5][6][7] In addition, subarachnoid ketamine injection has been advocated for surgeries involving the hind legs, perineum, vulva, and rectum in small ruminants. 7,8 A combination of drugs for the induction of analgesia is usually advantageous over the administration of a single drug.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the clinical and analgesic effects of subarachnoid ketamine-lidocaine administration in goats undergoing mastectomy

Daradka¹,

Ismail²

2014

VMRR

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Twenty adult female goats affected with chronic mastitis were subjected to mastectomy or hemimastectomy under subarachnoid regional analgesia using a ketaminelidocaine combination. Ketamine at 1.5 mg/kg and lidocaine hydrochloride at 1.25 mg/kg were administered intrathecally at the lumbosacral intervertebral space. Goats were then subjected to a 120-minute observation period for systemic or neurotoxic symptoms such as agitation, restlessness, hind limb paralysis, or seizures. In addition, analgesia of the caudal abdominal region and signs of systemic sedation were scored on a scale of 0-3. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature were also recorded prior to (baseline values) and at 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after administration. Mastectomy or hemimastectomy operation was carried out after full assurance of the analgesic effect on the udder and caudal abdominal region. Time of onset of surgical analgesia (score 3) was achieved at 15 minutes and lasted for 60 minutes. Maximal sedation score was recorded at 15 minutes and lasted for 60 minutes, then decreased thereafter, with the lowest sedation score recorded at 120 minutes. There was a significant (P,0.05) rise in heart rate at some point between 5-90 minutes, while the respiratory rate and rectal temperature did not change significantly from baseline values. Postoperatively, animals did not show any signs of pain or discomfort. Follow-up on the operated goats showed that all wounds were fully healed without any significant complications. In goats, intrathecal administration of ketaminelidocaine combination resulted in a safe and effective analgesia of the caudal abdominal and udder region sufficient to perform mastectomy or hemimastectomy.

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“…In two sheep from this group, we did not observe any general attributes of epidural anaesthesia. One study (Lucky et al, 2007) documented that sheep after epidural analgesia with 0.5% bupivacaine had not significantly decreased values of heart rate and respiration rate and after recovery the mean values of heart and respiration rate decreased significantly. The sheep were able to stand after at an average of 372 minutes.…”

Section: Physiologic Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of epidural administration of morphine with bupivacaine for orthopaedic surgery in sheep

Durej¹,

Ledecký²,

Michalák³

et al. 2012

ACTA VET-BEOGRAD

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The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that epidural administration of morphine with bupivacaine provides more intense and sufficient perioperative analgesia compared with parenterally administrated butorphanol during orthopaedic surgery. Sheep were assigned to group C (control group, 6 sheep) and group E (epidural, 5 sheep). Sheep from group C were pre-medicated with midazolam (0.3 mg/kg, i.m.) and butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg, i.m.). Propofol was used for induction of general anesthesia in both groups. Sheep from group E were pre-medicated with midazolam, but without butorphanol. Sacrococcegeal epidural analgesia with morphine (0.1 mg/kg) and bupivacaine (1 mg/kg) was performed. We detected a significant increase in heart rate (19%, p=0.021) during surgery in group C. Two hours after surgery, the heart rate was 14.9% lower than prior to surgery in group E (p=0.017). In group E, throughout the surgery, we measured an insignificant increase in respiratory rate of 1.99%. In the same group, 120 minutes post surgery, we measured an increase in respiratory rate of 14.7%, while in group C there was a smaller increase of only 10.9%. The result from both groups was insignificant (p>0.05). The consumption of isoflurane in group C was higher than in group E by 27.3% (p=0.0043). The mean MAC was in group C higher by 27.6% as it was in group E (0.75% ± 0.25, 0.95 ± 0.3 in Group E and C, respectively). This distinction, according to the Mann-Whitney test, was not significant (p=0.329)

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Caudal epidural analgesia in sheep by using lignocaine hydrochloride and bupivacaine hydrochloride

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

Thoracolumbar epidural anaesthesia with 0.5% bupivacaine with or without methadone in goats

Thoracolumbar epidural anaesthesia with 0.5% bupivacaine with or without methadone in goats

Evaluation of the clinical and analgesic effects of subarachnoid ketamine-lidocaine administration in goats undergoing mastectomy

Efficacy of epidural administration of morphine with bupivacaine for orthopaedic surgery in sheep

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