Causes and consequences of harsh parental punishment

Engfer, Anette; Schneewind, Klaus A.

doi:10.1016/0145-2134(82)90005-9

Cited by 41 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For example, Engfer and Schneewind (1982) suggest that the emotional instability of parents contributes to harsh parental punishment. This finding might explain why children quickly learn to recognize emotional instability, and why they use all available cues, including olfactory information, to assess neuroticism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Personality Using Body Odor: Differences Between Children and Adults

Sorokowska

2013

J Nonverbal Behav

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Many studies have demonstrated that smell is an important sense in social interactions, and recently it was determined that olfactory cues might also convey information concerning certain personality traits. The present study investigated whether personality traits might be recognized using olfactory cues in contexts other than male–female interactions. 75 children (35 girls and 40 boys, M = 8.29 years) and 75 young adults (41 women and 34 men, M = 20.5 years) rated the personality traits of 50 unknown individuals (24 women and 26 men, M = 24.02 years) based on their body odor. The correlations between scent ratings and the self-assessed personality dimensions of odor donors were analyzed. The results show that both children and adults assess neuroticism relatively accurately, whereas only adults recognized dominance. These results suggest that olfaction supplements visual and auditory cues throughout our whole lives, contributing to the first impression accuracy of certain personality traits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Personality Using Body Odor: Differences Between Children and Adults

Sorokowska

2013

J Nonverbal Behav

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“…The link between nonoptimal child-rearing practices and children's negative personality characteristics (Path D) also has been documented in prospective studies (Engfer & Schneewind, 1982;Patterson & Dishion, 1988). The results of retrospective research with male and female adults are similar to the ndings with children, demonstrating that less positive parenting in the family of origin is related to depression or negative personality characteristics of children (Belsky et al, 1986;Belsky & Pensky, 1988;Caspi & Elder, 1988;McCrae & Costa, 1988;Meyer, 1988;Simons et al, 1991;Whitbeck et al, 1993).…”

Section: Parenting and Children's Personalitymentioning

confidence: 95%

Personality, Marital Relationships, and Parenting in Two Generations of Mothers

Olsen

Martin

Halverson

1999

International Journal of Behavioral Development

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It has been suggested that early experiences in families may be related to one's parenting as an adult. Conceptual models were tested that investigated how personality and marital relationships are linked to parenting within and between generations. Eighty mother-grandmother pairs completed questionnaires concerning personality, marital relationships, and parenting. Restrictive and nurturant parenting of grandmothers was positively correlated with restrictive and nurturant parenting of mothers, but these relationships were attenuated in the presence of marital relationship and personality variables when structural equation models were tested. Personality characteristics and marital relationships were linked to parenting within and across generations.The importance of early experiences in linking ideologies and/or behaviours across generations has been proposed by a number of socialisation theorists and researchers who have posited that children often learn from their parents' behaviours, attitudes, or from their spoken Requests for reprints should be sent to Dr Susanne Frost Olsen,

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“…But her other categories, such as "frequency" (Category 1), did not exclude overly severe forms of CP when the specific question asked of the respondent was about their frequency (E. T. Gershoff, personal communication, October 12, 2001). This meant that slapping in the face or beating with a stick (Engfer & Schneewind, 1982;Eron, 1982;Lefkowitz, Walder, & Eron, 1963;Mahoney, Donnelly, Lewis, & Maynard, 2000) or hitting, pushing, grabbing, or shoving (Simons, Johnson, & Conger, 1994) were not coded as severe when the studies asked about their frequency. Straus (1994) claimed that the physical abuse or Severe Violence items in the Conflict Tactics Scale can be used "to partial out physical abuse in a statistical analysis or to remove abused children from the sample in order to avoid confounding corporal punishment with physical abuse" (p. 202).…”

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confidence: 99%

Ordinary physical punishment: Is it harmful? Comment on Gershoff (2002).

Baumrind¹,

Larzelere

Cowan³

2002

Psychological Bulletin

223

205

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E. T. Gershoff (2002) reviewed processes that might mediate and contexts that might moderate the associations between corporal punishment (CP) and child behaviors and provided an account of the methodological weaknesses of the research reviewed in her meta-analyses. In this examination of Gershoff, the authors argue that the biases and confounds in the meta-analyses further limit any causal inferences that can be drawn concerning the detrimental "effects" of CP on associated child behaviors. The authors suggest that undesirable child outcomes are associated with CP because the construct marks inept harsh parenting and conclude that although the harmful effects of physical abuse and other extreme punishments are clear, a blanket injunction against spanking is not justified by the evidence presented by Gershoff.

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Causes and consequences of harsh parental punishment

Cited by 41 publications

References 16 publications

Assessing Personality Using Body Odor: Differences Between Children and Adults

Assessing Personality Using Body Odor: Differences Between Children and Adults

Personality, Marital Relationships, and Parenting in Two Generations of Mothers

Ordinary physical punishment: Is it harmful? Comment on Gershoff (2002).

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