Causes of poor filterability in jet fuels

Bhan, O.K.; Tang, Sheng; Brinkman, Dennis W.; Carley, Bill

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(88)90268-2

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For middle distillate fuels, oxidative degradation involves the incorporation of low-molecular-weight heteroatomic molecules − into higher molecular-weight structures that incorporate molecular oxygen. − , A foundational study on the oxidative degradation of diesel fuels has been reported by Hardy and Wechter . In their study, both a general concept for deposit formation as well as a general procedure for analysis of the process [the soluble macromolecular oxidatively reactive species (SMORS) methodology] were proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stability of Middle Distillate Fuels. Part 1: Exploring the Soluble Macromolecular Oxidatively Reactive Species (SMORS) Mechanism with Jet Fuels

et al. 2011

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The soluble macromolecular oxidatively reactive species (SMORS) mechanism has recently been applied to jet fuel thermal oxidative degradation at high temperatures (250–550 °C). The primary purpose of this work is to further test the extant SMORS mechanism with carefully designed experiments at lower temperatures. First, synthetic SMORS precursors, 2-methylindole and 1,4-benzoquinone, were doped into a stable Jet A-1 in both mono- and oligomeric forms. Flask oxidative stress of these solutions at 90 °C for 60 min with an oxygen sparge significantly increases jet fuel thermal oxidative degradation. Second, a model compound experiment suggests SMORS precursors, phenol and 1,4-benzoquinone, are generated in situ from flask oxidation of a natural jet fuel component cumene (isopropylbezene) at 160 °C with an air sparge for 300 min. This observation is particularly significant for the thermal oxidative degradation of ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) because it suggests that fuels with low heteroatom content may oxidatively degrade by the SMORS mechanism. Third, doping parts per million (ppm) levels of 2,4-dimethylpyrrole into oxidatively stable jet fuels followed by flask oxidation at 95 °C with an air sparge for 30 min results in significant oxidation of the jet fuels. This observation is particularly significant for the storage and thermal oxidative stability of Athabasca-tar-sands-derived middle distillates, which have previously been shown to contain alkylpyrroles; these middle distillates are predominate across the northern tier of the United States.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stability of Middle Distillate Fuels. Part 1: Exploring the Soluble Macromolecular Oxidatively Reactive Species (SMORS) Mechanism with Jet Fuels

et al. 2011

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“…Domestic research lacks the application of automatic particle counter in the field of jet fuel. − In contrast, foreign research on the application of particle counter in the field of jet fuel is more, mainly exploring the feasibility of using this method, but few standards have been formed. In recent years, British Energy Institute has proposed a test standard for detecting fuel particulate pollutants by sensors. − There are three standards: IP 564 (Cleanliness Measurement of Aviation Turbine FuelLaboratory Automatic Particle Counter Method), IP 565 (Cleanliness Measurement of Aviation Turbine FuelPortable Automatic Particle Counter Method), and IP 577 (Cleanliness Measurement of Aviation Turbine FuelShaded Automatic Particle Counter Method).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Influence of Cosolvent on the Determination of the Contamination Degree of Jet Fuel

Mao¹,

Zheng²,

et al. 2020

ACS Omega

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The effect of cosolvent on trace free water in the determination of the contamination degree of jet fuel was investigated. The interference of trace free water on the automatic particle counter can be eliminated by adding isopropanol as a cosolvent to the measured oil sample. Isopropanol can dissolve trace free water in oil. Addition of isopropanol could stabilize the pollution grade of particles with size ≥30 μm (c) at the same level, which is most obviously affected by free water without isopropanol. The standard uncertainty u(X 1 ) is slightly reduced with the addition of isopropanol, and the repeatability and accuracy of the automatic particle counting method are obviously improved. The results show that isopropanol should be added as a cosolvent to eliminate the interference of free water when the contamination degree of jet fuel oil samples with obvious free water is determined by the automatic particle counting method.

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Insoluble sediment formation in middle distillate diesel fuel: further evidence concerning the role of in situ fuel acidity

Hardy

Wechter

1990

Fuel

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Causes of poor filterability in jet fuels

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Oxidative Stability of Middle Distillate Fuels. Part 1: Exploring the Soluble Macromolecular Oxidatively Reactive Species (SMORS) Mechanism with Jet Fuels

Oxidative Stability of Middle Distillate Fuels. Part 1: Exploring the Soluble Macromolecular Oxidatively Reactive Species (SMORS) Mechanism with Jet Fuels

Research on the Influence of Cosolvent on the Determination of the Contamination Degree of Jet Fuel

Insoluble sediment formation in middle distillate diesel fuel: further evidence concerning the role of in situ fuel acidity

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