Cavitation in Diesel Fuel Injector Nozzles and its Influence on Atomization and Spray

Sun, Yubiao; Guan, Zhiqiang; Hooman, Kamel

doi:10.1002/ceat.201800323

Cited by 38 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Diesel spray is a crucial element of compression ignition engine operation, particularly during the injection of fuel. Many studies have been conducted focusing on spray atomization [37][38][39][40][41]. Several factors are known to be responsible for spray atomization.…”

Section: Spray Atomizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diesel Spray: Development of Spray in Diesel Engine

Djamari

Idris²,

Paristiawan³

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Research and development in the internal combustion engine (ICE) has been growing progressively. Issues such as air pollution, fuel cost, and market competitiveness have driven the automotive industry to develop and manufacture automobiles that meet new regulation and customers’ needs. The diesel engine has some advantages over the gasoline or spark ignition engine, including higher engine efficiency, greater power output, as well as reliability. Since the early stage of the diesel engine’s development phase, the quest to obtain better atomization, proper fuel supply, and accurate timing control, have triggered numerous innovations. In the last two decades, owing to the development of optical technology, the visualization of spray atomization has been made possible using visual diagnostics techniques. This advancement has greatly improved research in spray evolution. Yet, a more comprehensive understanding related to these aspects has not yet been agreed upon. Diesel spray, in particular, is considered a complicated phenomenon to observe because of its high-speed, high pressure, as well as its high temperature working condition. Nevertheless, several mechanisms have been successfully explained using fundamental studies, providing several suggestions in the area, such as liquid atomization and two-phase spray flow. There are still many aspects that have not yet been agreed upon. This paper comprehensively reviews the current status of theoretical diesel spray and modelling, including some important numerical and experimental aspects.

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Section: Spray Atomizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Injector technology plays a crucial role in determining the quality of atomization, particularly the injector type and its geometry [40,[72][73][74][75]. For diesel engines, two types of injectors are normally used, namely, the piezo and the solenoid injector.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Spray Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diesel Spray: Development of Spray in Diesel Engine

Djamari

Idris²,

Paristiawan³

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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“…29,30 Note that performing optical diagnostics for the high-speed internal nozzle flow has been challenging due to the tiny nozzle configuration. 31 Typically, either the high spatial and temporal resolution X-ray diagnostics method is required for measurement 32,33 or a scaled-up optical nozzle setup is utilized. 28,34,35 Alternatively, high-fidelity Eulerian simulations may also provide fundamental details and expedite the nozzle design process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of correlation model for cavitating spray using Eulerian simulations

Liu,

Guo,

2023

International Journal of Engine Research

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Modern high-pressure injection systems for heavy-duty applications are prone to cavitation, which may have a detrimental effect on the system integrity. The present study aims to develop reliable correlations for Lagrangian engineering simulations to predict the onset of cavitation. Using the extensive data generated from the high-fidelity Eulerian volume-of-fluid (VOF) simulations of a single-hole injector for a wide range of operating conditions, a proper set of discharge ( Cd) and contraction ( Ca) coefficients are determined. In particular, four significant factors characterizing nozzle geometry are considered: the K factor, inlet curvature radius, nozzle exit radius, and channel length, as well as ambient and injection pressures. The results showed that a larger K factor and inlet curvature radius yielded higher Cd and Ca values, while the exit radius and channel length had a less significant impact on the cavitation dynamics. The smaller pressure difference between the nozzle inlet and exit mitigated the cavitation formation. These trends were well described using the mathematical regression model. Furthermore, two other correlation models based on the regression learner and artificial neural network methods were also developed. Of these three models, the mathematical regression model yielded the best agreement with an external validation dataset.

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“…Next, the cavitation nuclei grow, accumulate and collapse in the fluid. High speed, high pressure and high temperature are produced in collapse, which can generate noise and materials damage so as to achieve the cleaning of the attachments on the net [5][6][7]. Currently, scholars from all over the world mainly laid the research emphasis on the characteristics of the flow field in the nozzle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavitation Simulation and Mechanism Analysis of Underwater Jet of Cleaning Equipment for Aquaculture Fishing Net

Yuan¹,

Xiao-hua²,

Hu³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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In order to reveal the mechanism and influencing factors of high pressure jet cavitation of nozzle in submerged environment, this study focused on the evolutionary process of cavitation bubbles and combined finite volume method and mixed multi-phase flow model to analyze the cavitation, velocity distribution and experimental cavitation intensity of fishing net cleaning equipment. Results show that the cavitation inception, growth and collapse mainly occurred in the peripheral region of the flow field. Ring-shaped cavitation erosion zone appeared on the test sample target. A lot of small dense erosion pits were densely distributed in the ring-shaped erosion zone, erosion marks were observed in the center. The cavitation erosion intensity was greatly affected by the nozzle structure. As the diameter of nozzle increased from 0.6 mm to 1 mm, the maximum gas volume fraction increased by 8.53%. The nozzle outlet enlargement angle greatly increased the cavitation intensity. The nozzle with an outlet angle of 30° exhibited the optimal cavitation erosion performance . The cavitation volume fraction of the nozzle with short necking structure was slightly larger than that of the nozzle with long necking structure at the same level in the necking length rang of 3mm to 7mm. In terms of the influence of nozzle structure on the cavitation erosion effect, the nozzle diameter D ranked the first, followed by the outlet angle α, and the necking length L was at the last.

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Cavitation in Diesel Fuel Injector Nozzles and its Influence on Atomization and Spray

Cited by 38 publications

References 130 publications

Diesel Spray: Development of Spray in Diesel Engine

Diesel Spray: Development of Spray in Diesel Engine

Development of correlation model for cavitating spray using Eulerian simulations

Cavitation Simulation and Mechanism Analysis of Underwater Jet of Cleaning Equipment for Aquaculture Fishing Net

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