Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics with Anderson-Localized Modes

Abstract

A major challenge in quantum optics and quantum information technology is to enhance the interaction between single photons and single quantum emitters.Highly engineered optical cavities are generally implemented requiring nanoscale fabrication precision. We demonstrate a fundamentally different approach in which disorder is used as a resource rather than a nuisance. We generate strongly The interaction between a single photon and a single quantized emitter is the core of cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) and constitutes a node in a quantum information network (1,2). So far, cavity QED experiments have been realized with a wide range of two-level systems including atoms (3), ions (4), Cooper-pair boxes (5), and semiconductor quantum dots (6-8) coupled to photons confined in a cavity.

Movable high-Q nanoresonators realized by semiconductor nanowires on a Si photonic crystal platform

“…Furthermore, we also observed emission rate enhancements for the NW inside the groove showing unprecedented strong light confinement in a single NW with a record of eight-fold emission rate enhancement. We believe that our observation will stimulate the discovery of new phenomena in fundamental research on cavities in photonic crystals 24,25 and also the localized modes in disordered photonic systems 27 . As regards the realization of novel nanophotonic devices, our new approach for creating cavities is useful for movable devices such as nanolasers 43 or all-optical memories 44 with the capability of integrating them on a Si platform.…”

“…Since strong light confinement with a small loss is only achieved by using a special arrangement of photonic crystal cavities 24,25 or strongly disordered media 26,27 , wavelengthsized high-Q nanocavities are prefixed to the surrounding arrangement and are immovable.…”

Engineering of light confinement in strongly scattering disordered media

“…In disordered media, both the direction and phase of the propagating waves are randomized in a complex manner, making any attempt to control light propagation particularly challenging. Disordered media are currently investigated in several contexts, ranging from the study of collective multiple scattering phenomena [5,6] to cavity quantum electrodynamics and random lasing [7,8], to the possibility to provide efficient solutions in renewable energy [9], imaging [10], and spectroscopy-based applications [11]. Transport in such systems can be described in terms of photonic modes, or quasi-modes, which exhibit characteristic spatial profiles and spectra [12,13].…”

Continuous-wave spatial quantum correlations of light induced by multiple scattering

“…The amount that is reflected inside the sample, R s = 1 − T s , is obtained from sample transmission measurements with an integrating sphere using T = T s T surf (0 • ) and incorporating the surface reflection for light under normal incidence to the multiple scattering medium, see Eq. (14). The detection efficiency for reflection measurements is then given by η R = (P det /P 0 )/R, where P 0 is the power of the light source and P det denotes the ensembleaveraged power of the reflected multiply scattered light detected by the squeezing detector.…”

“…Triggered by theoretical studies on quantum fluctuations of light in absorbing and amplifying multiple scattering media [5,6], recent experiments have addressed the quantum noise of multiple scattered light [7][8][9] and spatial photon correlations [10][11][12][13]. Furthermore, the first studies of photon emission and cavity quantum electrodynamics in disordered media have been carried out [14][15][16][17]. It was recently predicted that quantum interference and entanglement can be induced by combining two or more quantum states in a multiple scattering medium [18,19], which could be of potential interest for applications in quantum information processing.…”