CD137 stimulation of natural killer cells to enhance the antilymphoma activity of rituximab.

Kohrt, Holbrook E.; Houot, Roch; Goldstein, Matthew; Weiskopf, Kipp; Chen, L.; Tedder, Thomas; Levy, Rina

doi:10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.8068

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Combination regimens have also reached clinical trials [34,122,123]. Combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors have also been studied with traditional immunotherapies or targeted therapies such as rituximab and cetuximab where they show efficacy and tolerability [105,106,146]. With evidence pointing to better outcomes in second line setting or even first line setting of immunotherapies, cancer immunotherapy will play a vital role in the future of oncology [24,31,147].…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A randomized Phase II trial (NCT00612664) in metastatic melanoma patients as a second-line therapy was terminated due to grade 4 hepatitis [95]. Urelumab is being tested with rituximab in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia as enhanced antibody-dependent cytotoxicity by rituximab was noted after activation of NK cells with CD137 [105]. Addition of anti-CD137 mAb to cetuximab improves efficiency of cetuximab in head and neck tumors as well as KRAS mutant and wild-type colorectal cancer, which provides further evidence for the use of immunotherapy, specifically anti-CD137, in combination with other agents [106].…”

Section: Cd137(4-1bb)/cd137lmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging Targets in Cancer Immunotherapy: Beyond CTLA-4 and PD-1

et al. 2015

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Manipulation of co-stimulatory or co-inhibitory checkpoint proteins allows for the reversal of tumor-induced T-cell anergy observed in cancer. The field has gained credence given success with CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibitors. These molecules include immunoglobulin family members and the B7 subfamily as well as the TNF receptor family members. PD-L1 inhibitors and LAG-3 inhibitors have progressed through clinical trials. Other B7 family members have shown promise in preclinical models. TNFR superfamily members have shown variable success in preclinical and clinical studies. As clinical investigation in tumor immunology gains momentum, the next stage becomes learning how to combine checkpoint inhibitors and agonists with each other as well as with traditional chemotherapeutic agents.

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