CDH13 is Frequently Inactivated by Promoter Hypermethylation in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Abstract

There is growing evidence supporting a role for tumor suppressor as targets in aberrant mechanisms of DNA hypermethylation. Methylation in the promoter of tumor suppressor always plays important roles in pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). CDH13 gene is a tumor suppressor involved in tumorigenesis, metastasis and apoptosis in a variety of tumors. In this study, we are trying to investigate whether CDH13 was down regulated by promoter methylation in pediatric AML. MRNA transcriptional expression levels of CDH13 were evaluated by semi-quantitative PCR and real-time PCR. Methylation status of CDH13 prompter was investigated by Methylation Specific PCR (MSP) and Bisulfate Genomic Sequencing (BGS). CDH13 mRNA transcription was inactivated in AML cell lines. Promoter of CDH13 was aberrantly methylated in 55.6% (5/9) leukemia cell lines. Promoter aberrant methylation of CDH13 was detected in 34.2% (24/70) of the cases of pediatric AML. The methylation of CDH13 promoter could be detected in all FAB subtypes. There were no significant differences in clinical features between patients with and without CDH13 methylation. Expression of CDH13 was significantly lower in AML patients group compared to normal bone marrow (NBM) control samples .The expression of CDH13 in thirty controls was significantly higher than pediatric AML patients. Both patients with CDH13 methylation (n=24) and those without CDH13 methylation (n=46) had significantly lower CDH13 transcript than controls (p<0.001). CDH13 transcript was significantly lower in patients with methylated CDH13 than those without methylated CDH13 (p=0.036). Inactivation of CDH13 by promoter hypermethylation is frequent event in pediatric AML. Our results suggest that hypermethylation of CDH13 promoter might be one of early events in the development of pediatric AML.

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