CdS thin films growth by ammonia free chemical bath deposition technique

Jaber, A.; Alamri, S.N.; Aida, M.S.

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2011.12.061

Cited by 35 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Hereafter, this method was adopted to prepare the CdS thin films presented in this study. According to previous works, the quality of CdS thin films prepared by the CBD technique depends strongly on various synthesis parameters such as the deposition time [23], the bath and annealing temperature [24,25], the ammonia agent complex [26], and the concentrations of the chemical reagents [27], Unfortunately, when seeking to synthesize CdS thin films by CBD, two major problems are generally encountered: (i) the postannealing treatment, which is a classical essential step for film crystallinity improvement, usually inducing a strong Cd thermal diffusion [28] and prevents the CdS deposition to be extended to flexible substrates [29], and (ii) the film thickness limitation, which is attributed to the solution supersaturation phenomenon [23,30]. To overcome these problems, the synthesis process has been carried out in several runs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Low-Temperature Chemical Bath Deposition of CdS Thin Films without Thickness Limitation: Structural and Optical Properties

Ouafi

Jaber²,

Atourki

et al. 2018

International Journal of Photoenergy

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In this work, thin CdS films have been deposited using the chemical bath deposition technique (CBD). Different synthesis parameters, such as number of runs, deposition time, and postannealing temperature, are studied and optimized in order to avoid the supersaturation phenomenon and to achieve a low-temperature growth. CdS thin films, of cubic structure, oriented along the (111) direction with homogenous and smooth surface, have been deposited by using the CBD growth process without any annealing treatment. Based on a set of experimental observations, we show that the solution saturation phenomenon can be avoided if the deposition is performed in several runs at a short deposition time. Throughout the CBD technique, it is then possible not only to overcome any film thickness limitation but also to grow the CdS films in a single technological step at a low temperature and without any postdeposition annealing treatment. CdS films with excellent structural quality and a controllable thickness are obtained when the deposition bath temperature is fixed at 65°C. In addition, deposited films exhibit an optical transmittance ranging from 70 to 95% depending on the synthesis parameters, with band gap energy around 2.42 eV. The process developed in this work might be useful for depositing CdS films on flexible substrates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Low-Temperature Chemical Bath Deposition of CdS Thin Films without Thickness Limitation: Structural and Optical Properties

Ouafi

Jaber²,

Atourki

et al. 2018

International Journal of Photoenergy

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“…CdS is a direct band gap semiconductor, on account of its intermediate band gap between CIGS and TCO, high absorption coefficient, low resistivity, and easy ohmic contact [13]. CdS has a band gap of approximately 2.4 eV, which is appropriate for accepting a good portion of the incident light by the p-type CIGS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of annealing treatment on CdS/CIGS thin film solar cells depending on different CdS deposition temperatures

Lee

Kim

et al. 2015

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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“…It was observed from the previous results that the decrease in the concentration of precursors resulted in the decrease of particle size on the nonactivated glass substrate. This was due to the slow kinetic transport during heterogeneous nucleation growth, which initiated an ion-by-ion mechanism of growth instead of the cluster-by-cluster mechanism [4]. Hence, in addition to the seed layer formation and to have ion-by-ion growth mechanism, the concentration of the solution was reduced.…”

Section: Preparation Of Thin Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Study of CdS Thin Films Prepared with Different KMnO₄ Activation Time

Thangarajan¹,

Chellachamy

Kulendran³

et al. 2016

Journal of Materials

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The growth and properties of cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films were prepared in a controlled manner using chemical bath deposition (CBD) method for different KMnO 4 activation time such as 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 25 min, and 30 min on glass substrates. CdS thin films are deposited on KMnO 4 activated glass substrates at 85 ∘ C with pH value of 10 for 30 min deposition time. In the chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique, KMnO 4 activation time plays an important role in the growth of the CdS film. The structure of the CdS film changes with respect to the rate of deposition. The size of the particles is affected by the nucleation rate if the solution does not contain the constant number of Cd 2+ and S 2− ions throughout the deposition process. This change in structure of CdS is confirmed by the XRD, SEM, and AFM analysis, and the ion-by-ion nucleation growth is also examined. The optical property of the prepared CdS thin film is scrutinized using UV-Vis-NIR absorption analysis.

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CdS thin films growth by ammonia free chemical bath deposition technique

Cited by 35 publications

References 51 publications

In Situ Low-Temperature Chemical Bath Deposition of CdS Thin Films without Thickness Limitation: Structural and Optical Properties

In Situ Low-Temperature Chemical Bath Deposition of CdS Thin Films without Thickness Limitation: Structural and Optical Properties

Effect of annealing treatment on CdS/CIGS thin film solar cells depending on different CdS deposition temperatures

Synthesis and Study of CdS Thin Films Prepared with Different KMnO₄ Activation Time

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CdS thin films growth by ammonia free chemical bath deposition technique

Cited by 35 publications

References 51 publications

In Situ Low-Temperature Chemical Bath Deposition of CdS Thin Films without Thickness Limitation: Structural and Optical Properties

In Situ Low-Temperature Chemical Bath Deposition of CdS Thin Films without Thickness Limitation: Structural and Optical Properties

Effect of annealing treatment on CdS/CIGS thin film solar cells depending on different CdS deposition temperatures

Synthesis and Study of CdS Thin Films Prepared with Different KMnO4 Activation Time

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Synthesis and Study of CdS Thin Films Prepared with Different KMnO₄ Activation Time