Cell augmentation strategies for cardiac stem cell therapies

Abstract

Myocardial infarction (MI) has been the primary cause of death in developed countries, resulting in a major psychological and financial burden for society. Current treatments for acute MI are directed toward rapid restoration of perfusion to limit damage to the myocardium, rather than promoting tissue regeneration and subsequent contractile function recovery. Regenerative cell therapies (CTs), in particular those using multipotent stem cells (SCs), are in the spotlight for treatment post-MI.Unfortunately, the efficacy of CTs is somewhat limited by their poor long-term viability, homing, and engraftment to the myocardium. In response, a range of novel SCbased technologies are in development to provide additional cellular modalities, bringing CTs a step closer to the clinic. In this review, the current landscape of emerging CTs and their augmentation strategies for the treatment post-MI are discussed. In doing so, we highlight recent advances in cell membrane reengineering via genetic modifications, recombinant protein immobilization, and the utilization of soft biomimetic scaffold interfaces.

Modular Bioorthogonal Lipid Nanoparticle Modification Platforms for Cardiac Homing

“…The previous static experiments revealed that all of the LNPs coated with proteins containing either SC3 or CshA in the N-terminal of the fusion proteins bind to C2C12 myoblasts and are internalized; however, an important aspect to consider for clinical relevance is the effect of flow-based shear stress. 47 Consequently, C2C12 myoblasts were allowed to adhere to flow channels (Ibidi μ-slides, 250,000 cells/channel) and subjected to shear stress (2 dyn) and monitored in real time using wide-field microscopy ( Figure S26 ). As under static conditions, colocalization of GFP and mCherry was observed only for 1:2 -LNPs ( Figure 5 a and Videos S1 and S2 ), and only GFP fluorescence was detected in cells treated with 1:3 -LNPs ( Figure 5 b and Videos S3 and S4 ).…”

Injectable Hydrogels: A Paradigm Tailored with Design, Characterization, and Multifaceted Approaches

“…[317][318][319][320] Similarly, IHs loaded with miRNA, proangiogenic cytokines, growth factors, progenitor or stem cells are showing the capability of cardiac repair. [305,[321][322][323][324][325][326][327][328][329] Noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in combination with IHs is impactful in the fastest detection and repair (patient-specific) of infected cardiac tissues in cardiac arrest. [330][331][332][333][334] The target site, like the pericardial cavity, is considered to be best feasible toward the spatial retention of IHs.…”