Cell Cycle-Dependent Flagellar Disassembly in a Firebug Trypanosomatid
            <i>Leptomonas pyrrhocoris</i>

He, Cynthia Y.; Singh, Adarsh; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav

doi:10.1128/mbio.02424-19

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Secondly, in many biflagellate cells, the second flagellum is rather short and can hardly enhance motility. While in a typical trypanosomatid the second flagellum appears only at the end of the cell cycle and is not connected to the old one [ 33 ], Vickermania preserves a connection between the two flagella for as long as possible. This allows them acting as a single entity, not interfering with each other due to possible uncoordinated beating.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, little attention was paid to the phenomenon of double flagella, the most striking feature of H. m. ingenoplastis. All other known trypanosomatids are uniflagellate and possess second flagellum only for a short period, during cell division [ 32 , 33 ]. Outside trypanosomatids, all motile kinetoplastids have two flagella, but those are heterodynamic: one is oriented anteriorly and the other posteriorly [ 34 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Vickermania gen. nov., trypanosomatids that use two joined flagella to resist midgut peristaltic flow within the fly host

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The family Trypanosomatidae encompasses parasitic flagellates, some of which cause serious vector-transmitted diseases of humans and domestic animals. However, insect-restricted parasites represent the ancestral and most diverse group within the family. They display a range of unusual features and their study can provide insights into the biology of human pathogens. Here we describe Vickermania, a new genus of fly midgut-dwelling parasites that bear two flagella in contrast to other trypanosomatids, which are unambiguously uniflagellate. Results Vickermania has an odd cell cycle, in which shortly after the division the uniflagellate cell starts growing a new flagellum attached to the old one and preserves their contact until the late cytokinesis. The flagella connect to each other throughout their whole length and carry a peculiar seizing structure with a paddle-like apex and two lateral extensions at their tip. In contrast to typical trypanosomatids, which attach to the insect host’s intestinal wall, Vickermania is separated from it by a continuous peritrophic membrane and resides freely in the fly midgut lumen. Conclusions We propose that Vickermania developed a survival strategy that relies on constant movement preventing discharge from the host gut due to intestinal peristalsis. Since these parasites cannot attach to the midgut wall, they were forced to shorten the period of impaired motility when two separate flagella in dividing cells interfere with each other. The connection between the flagella ensures their coordinate movement until the separation of the daughter cells. We propose that Trypanosoma brucei, a severe human pathogen, during its development in the tsetse fly midgut faces the same conditions and follows the same strategy as Vickermania by employing an analogous adaptation, the flagellar connector.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vickermania gen. nov., trypanosomatids that use two joined flagella to resist midgut peristaltic flow within the fly host

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Regeneration after the length equalization of the shortening and the elongating flagellum [69,75,86].…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another interesting feature is that the length and number of the flagella on a cell can vary as the cell enters different stages of the cell cycle. For example, the monoflagellates becomes transiently biflagellated [85][86][87] or triflagellated [85] and the biflagellates becomes transiently quadriflagellated [78,88,89]. What makes biflagellated and multiflagellated cells even more interesting than monoflagellates is their abilities to coordinate the dynamics of lengths of different flagella.…”

Section: Number Of Flagella Example 1 Monoflagellatementioning

confidence: 99%

Length control of long cell protrusions: rulers, timers and transport

Patra¹,

Chowdhury²,

Jülicher³

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A living cell uses long tubular appendages for locomotion and sensory purposes. Hence, assembling and maintaining a protrusion of correct length is crucial for its survival and overall performance. Usually the protrusions lack the machinery for the synthesis of building blocks and imports them from the cell body. What are the unique features of the transport logistics which facilitate the exchange of these building blocks between the cell and the protrusion? What kind of 'rulers' and 'timers' does the cell use for constructing its appendages of correct length on time? How do the multiple appendages coordinate and communicate among themselves during different stages of their existence? How frequently do the fluctuations drive the length of these dynamic protrusions out of the acceptable bounds? These questions are addressed from a broad perspective in this review which is organized in three parts. In part-I the list of all known cell protrusions is followed by a comprehensive list of the mechanisms of length control of cell protrusions reported in the literature. We review not only the dynamics of the genesis of the protrusions, but also their resorption and regrowth as well as regeneration after amputation. As a case study in part-II, the specific cell protrusion that has been discussed in detail is eukaryotic flagellum (also known as cilium); this choice was dictated by the fact that flagellar length control mechanisms have been studied most extensively over more than half a century in cells with two or more flagella. Although limited in scope, brief discussions on a few non-flagellar cell protrusions in part-III of this review is intended to provide a glimpse of the uncharted territories and challenging frontiers of research on subcellular length control phenomena that awaits vigorous investigations.

show abstract

“…The gel was then placed on an imaging dish with the parasite side facing the coverslip, allowing the cells to be trapped and partially immobilized between the agarose gel and the coverslip. The cells could be imaged at room temperature for at least 30 min or through an entire cell cycle with appropriate temperature and CO 2 control (60,61).…”

Section: Expression Constructs Cell Culture and Transfectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flagellar targeting of an arginine kinase requires a conserved lipidated protein intraflagellar transport (LIFT) pathway in Trypanosoma brucei

Pandey

Huang

Lim

et al. 2020

Journal of Biological Chemistry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Both intraflagellar transport (IFT) and lipidated protein intraflagellar transport (LIFT) pathways are essential for cilia/flagella biogenesis, motility, and sensory functions. In the LIFT pathway, lipidated cargoes are transported into the cilia through the coordinated actions of cargo carrier proteins such as Unc119 or PDE6δ, as well as small GTPases Arl13b and Arl3 in the cilium. Our previous studies have revealed a single Arl13b ortholog in the evolutionarily divergent Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of African sleeping sickness. TbArl13 catalyzes two TbArl3 homologs, TbArl3A and TbArl3C, suggesting the presence of a conserved LIFT pathway in these protozoan parasites. Only a single homolog to the cargo carrier protein Unc119 has been identified in T. brucei genome, but its function in lipidated protein transport has not been characterized. In this study, we exploited the proximity-based biotinylation approach to identify binding partners of TbUnc119. We showed that TbUnc119 binds to a flagellar arginine kinase TbAK3 in a myristoylation-dependent manner and is responsible for its targeting to and enrichment in the flagellum. Interestingly, only TbArl3A, but not TbArl3C interacted with TbUnc119 in a GTP-dependent manner, suggesting functional specialization of Arl3-GTPases in T. brucei. These results establish the function of TbUnc119 as a myristoylated cargo carrier and support the presence of a conserved LIFT pathway in T. brucei.

show abstract

Cell Cycle-Dependent Flagellar Disassembly in a Firebug Trypanosomatid Leptomonas pyrrhocoris

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Vickermania gen. nov., trypanosomatids that use two joined flagella to resist midgut peristaltic flow within the fly host

Vickermania gen. nov., trypanosomatids that use two joined flagella to resist midgut peristaltic flow within the fly host

Length control of long cell protrusions: rulers, timers and transport

Flagellar targeting of an arginine kinase requires a conserved lipidated protein intraflagellar transport (LIFT) pathway in Trypanosoma brucei

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About